DALY: GEOLOGY OF THE NORTHEAST COAST OF LABRADOR. 245 



for the direction of ice-motion in a region once glaciated, and still 

 strongly frost-bitten in the winter-season at least ; and, lastly, that both 

 kinds of marking may be regarded as directly or indirectly the product 

 of shearing stress set up in bed-rock at the gouging corner of a boulder 

 held in the advancing ice. 



The Glacial Deposits. 



Nothing is more striking in the glacial geology of the southern part 

 of the coastal belt than the almost complete absence of drift deposits. 

 Above the highest shore-line registering the limit of postglacial sub- 

 mergence, isolated boulders resting on bare rock, or small patches of till 

 a few inches or feet in thickness, represent the only glacial accumulations 

 seen at any of our landing-places save one of all those south of Nacbvak 

 Bay. North of Cape Porcupine and elsewhere, it is true, washed drift that 

 has been assorted and collected in the form of bay-plains and beaches 

 now elevated, were found ; but extensive deposits either directly ice-laid 

 or distributed by glacial streams, normally failed. The exception 

 referred to, applies to a small but well-defined frontal moraine situated 

 on the mainland opposite Copper Island near Seal Island Harbor. 

 Approaching the mainland through a narrow tickle, we were struck by the 

 sight of a flat-topped terrace, steeply scarped at the shore. This cliff, 

 averaging some fifty feet in height, was found to be composed of typical 

 till strongly charged with boulders of gnarled schists and gneisses, a 

 peculiar hornblende syenite, micaceous trap, pegmatite, aplite and vein 

 quartz. The beach facing the moraine had greater variety of composi- 

 tion than any other noted during the summer. Most of the boulders 

 were clearly erratic. The moraine is bilobate in plan, the curved ridge 

 trending roughly north and south. It is a curving wall one hundred 

 feet in maximum height and about a mile and a half in length. The 

 concave side of the curve looks toward the mouth of a strong east-west 

 valley opening toward the sea through a range of hills. The latter 

 approach one thousand feet in altitude and seem to have harbored at 

 least this one valley glacier in the closing stage of the ice period. On 

 account of the rarity of such deposits, and on account of its fine develop- 

 ment, it would have been of interest to study it in greater detail, but no 

 opportunity to do so was afforded. 



The Glaciation of the Torngats. 



In 1860, Lieber noted that on the mainland opposite Aulatsivik 

 Island, " wild volcanic-looking mountains form a water-shed in the 



