STEMS 



13 



and stout or even fleshy; others are long, slender and wiry. 

 Runners with short internodes may strike root three or four 



Fig. 5. Strawberry runner. 



inches from the plant ; with long- internodes, twelve or fourteen 

 inches. The length of internode not only helps to classify the 

 variety, but on it depends the method of training, whether in 

 hill, matted row, or hedge-row. 



A tur i on, or 

 sucker, is a branch 

 arising from a stem 

 underground, as in 

 red raspberries 

 (Fig. 6). In na- 

 ture, suckers be- 

 come separate 

 plants through the 

 formation of ad- 

 ventitious roots 

 and the death of 

 the connecting un- 

 derground stems, a 

 process which has 

 suggested the hor- 

 ticultural practice 

 of propagation by division when the suckers are separated from 

 the parent by cutting the underground stems. Suckers become 

 parasites which rob the parent of food, and unless wanted for 

 propagation should be destroyed. 



A stolon is a stem above ground which by bending over or 



Fig. G. Turions or suckers and canes of red 

 raspberry. 



