THE POME-FRUITS 



113 



Fruit, continued 



Basin 



Shallow, medium, deep 

 Narrow, medium, wide 

 Obtuse, abrupt, smooth 

 Furrowed, corrugated 

 Symmetrical, compressed 



Skin 



Thick, medium, thin 

 Smooth, rough 

 Eusset, waxen 

 Glossy, dull, bloom 



Color 



Dots 



Numerous, medium, few 

 Large, medium, small 

 Gray, russet 

 Submerged, areolar 

 Flesh 



White, yellow, red 



Firm, coarse, medium, fine 



Crisp, tender, tough 



Dry, juicy, sweet, subacid 



Sour, aromatic, sprightly 

 Quality 



Best, very good, good 



Fair, poor, very poor 

 Core 



Large, medium, small 



Open, closed 



Axile, abaxile 

 Core-Lines 



Clasping, meeting 

 Calyx-Tube 



Long, medium, narrow 



Wide, medium, narrow 



Funnel-shaped, conical, urn- 

 shaped 

 Seed 



Large, medium, small 



Flat, plump, oi3tuse 



Acute, acuminate, tufted 

 Use — Dessert, kitchen, market, 

 home 



Remarks 



The Crab-apple 



Originally any small apple was called a crab-apple and that 

 use of the word still persists in England. In America, however, 

 the name is employed for any of several species of apples having 

 small fruits, which have long petioles, a bitterish acid taste, and 

 which are used chiefly for jellies and preserves. In the species 

 from which most of our cultivated crab-apples come, P. haccaia, 

 the calyx is deciduous but it is persistent on all of the native 

 species. Some of the species of crab-apples have been hybridized 

 with the common apple, and the offspring sometimes fall in with 

 the large apples, sometimes with the smaller crab-apples. Thus, 

 Wealthy is supposed to be a hybrid with a crab, and, as noted 

 before (p. 107), Martha, Hyslop and several other of the best 

 crab-apples are undoubtedly hybrids. One wonders why the 

 name "crab" is applied to an apple; there seems to be no very 

 satisfactoiy explanation of its applicability, although it is prob- 

 ably used in reference to the roughness and harshness of flavor — 

 a "crabbed apple" in much the same sense one speaks of a 

 "crabbed man." 



