222 



SySTt:MATI(' POMOLOGY 



Fig 



51. Tolnian 

 Sweet. 



whicli coMimcnd it arc attractive ai)|)carancc, fair size, and good 

 (|uality. 'I'lic \aricty is easily (listiii*ruishe(l 

 by a suture line wliicli runs from tlic cavity 

 to the basin. The trees are hardy, healthy, 

 vij^orous, productive, lon«j^-lived, hold the 

 crop well, and come into bearing early. 

 The origin of this best of all sweet apples 

 is unknown. It was brought to the atten- 

 tion of fruit-growers in 1822. Tolman is 

 grown in all the leading apple regions of 



America. 



Tree vigorous, upright-spreading, drooping, open; branches long, stout, 

 curved and drooping. Fruit medium to large, round-conical, often elliptical 

 or obscurely ribbed; stem medium to long, slender; cavity obtuse, broad, 

 deep, often russeted, obscurely furrowed; calyx small, open or closed; 

 lobes long and acuminate; basin small^ often oblique, shallow, abrupt, fur- 

 rowed, wrinkled; skin tough, marked by a suture line extending from the 

 cavity to the basin; color pale yellow, sometimes blushed; dots incon- 

 spicuous; calyx-tube urn-shape; stamens basal; core small, axile; cells 

 symmetrical, closed; core-lines clasping; carpels flat, broadly round, emargi- 

 nate, tufted; seeds wide, plump, acute, tufted; flesh white, firm, fine, dry, 

 sweet; good to very good; October to March. 



Group 5. Red Apples 



326. Bailey Sweet. Iloivard's Sweet. — Bailey Sweet is 

 largely grown in many parts of America 

 because of its rich sweet fruits. The trees 

 lack vigor, health, and hardiness, — defects 

 offset by productiveness and regularity in 

 bearing. The fruits do not keep well, are 

 often malformed, and are not uniform in 

 size. The variety was disseminated from 

 Perry, New York, about 1849. 



Tree upright-spreading, open; branches slender. Fruit large, round- 

 conic, ribbed obscurely, symmetrical, sides elliptical, uniform in size and 

 shape; stem short; cavity acute, deep, furrowed, often with thin golden- 

 brown russet ; calyx closed, small with short obtuse lobes ; basin shallow, 

 narrow^, obtuse, corrugated, often with mammiform protuberances; skin 

 tender, smooth, clear bright yellow covered with irregularly netted mark- 

 ings and dots; calyx-tube funnel-shape, wide limb; stamens median; core 



Fig. 52. Sweet 

 Winesap. 



