VARIETIES OF APPLES 237 



several pickings necessary. It originated at Aurora, Cayuga 

 County, New York, and was first described in 1848. 



Tree medium to large, vigoroils, upright-spreading, hardy, healthy, long- 

 lived, yielding regularly and heavily. Fruit small, round, or oblong -conic, 

 sometimes strongly ribbed, irregular; stem long, slender, often curved; 

 cavity acuminate, deep, broad, furrowed, sometimes with thin radiating 

 streaks of light russet mingled with carmine; calyx large, open; lobes 

 often separated at base, short, acute, erect or reflexed; basin deep, wide, 

 abrupt, furrow^ed and wrinkled; skin pale yellow often almost entirely 

 overspread with bright red, dotted and streaked with purplish-carmine; 

 dots inconspicuous, light colored; calyx -tube wide, conical; stamens basal; 

 core small, axile to abaxile; cells closed or open; core-lines meeting; carpels 

 obovate; seeds large, fiat, obtuse; flesh yellow, fine, crisp, tender, juicy, 

 sprightly, aromatic, subacid; very good; September to December. 



356. Bonum. Magnvmi Bonum. — Bonum is a standard 

 variety in the South, valued for its productive trees and the 

 rich flavor of its apples, qualities w^hich it attains only when 

 grown under favorable conditions. It originated in Davidson 

 County, North Carolina, about 1840. 



Tree vigorous, upright-spreading or round-topped, open. Fruit medium 

 to large, oblate, regular; stem long, slender, green; cavity large, deep, 

 regular, often Avith a little green-russet; calyx large, closed; basiu shallow, 

 wrinkled; skin smooth, yellow, mostly covered with crimson and dark red, 

 striped; dots distinct_, large, light with some having a dark center; calyx- 

 tube funnelform; stamens marginal; core small; cells closed; core-lines 

 meeting; carpels ovate; seeds numerous, large, plump; flesh white, often 

 stained next to the skin, firm, fine, tender, juicy, aromatic, mild subacid; 

 very good; September to November. 



357. Wealthy (Fig 65). — This variety is indispensable in 

 cold regions and valuable wherever apples are grown on this 

 continent. The fruits are handsome in ap- 

 pearance, color, size, and shape ; the quality 

 is good, the flesh being especially crisp, 

 juicy, and refreshing; the fruits stand 

 handling and storage; the trees bear early 

 and abundantly and at first are thrifty and 

 healthy. Faults are : the trees are never of fig. 65. Wealthy. 

 larze size; the apples run small and uneven 



on old trees, and there is some loss from dropping. Wealthy is 

 an ideal apple for planting as a filler among permanent trees. 



