VARIETIES OF APPLES 243 



deep set, short, thick or slender; cavity acuminate, very deep, sometimes 

 lipped, sometimes russeted; calyx closed; basin often oblique, shallow, nar- 

 row, abrupt, broadly and deeply furrow^ed; skin thick, tough, green be- 

 coming yellow, washed, mottled and splashed with bright red or deepening 

 to dark or purplish-red, with carmine stripes; dots gray or russet, small, 

 often raised, sometimes submerged; calyx-tube large, long, wide, conical, 

 extending to the core; stamens usually basal; core large, axile or abaxile; 

 cells mostly closed, sometimes wide open ; core-lines clasping the cylinder ; 

 carpels elongated-ovate, emarginate, tufted ; seeds narrow, obtuse, variable ; 

 flesh yellow, coarse, tender, juicy, subacid; good; late September to early 

 winter. 



367. Collamer. — This variety is a sport of the well-known 

 Twenty Ounce, from which it differs in bearing fruits more 

 solidly covered with red, more regular in shape, and less ribbed. 

 The brighter color of Collamer makes it a more valuable com- 

 mercial apple than Twenty Ounce. The variety originated at 

 Hilton, New York, in the orchard of J. B. Collamer, about 

 1895. 



368. Ribston. Rihston Pippin. — The apples are not attrac- 

 tive in appearance, but have a fine rich flavor, a pleasant aroma, 

 and firm, fine, crisp flesh that fit them admirably for dessert. 

 The trees are hardy, vigorous, and long-lived, come in bearing 

 young, and are annually fruitful, though not sufficiently produc- 

 tive to make a market variety. The Ribston originated in York- 

 shire, England, over two centuries ago, and has been grown for 

 at least a century in New York, New England, and Canada. 



Tree large, vigorous, upright-spreading, with stout stocky branches. 

 Fruit large, round, broad and flattened at the base, narrowing toward the 

 basin, often broadly and obscurely ribbed; stem pubescent, short, thick, 

 sometimes irregularly sAvollen or inserted under a lip; cavity large, acute, 

 deep, wide, russeted and with outspreading russet rays; calyx small, closed 

 or partly open; lobes separated at the base, erect, tips usually reflexed; 

 basin small, shallow, narrow, abrupt, often furrowed and wrinkled; skin 

 smooth or roughened with russet, yellow overspread with dull red which 

 in highly-colored specimens deepens to bright red, with obscure carmine 

 stripes and splashes; dots scattering, conspicuous, pale, often areolar with 

 russet center; calyx-tube wide, cone-shape; stamens basal; core small, axile 

 or with a narrow hollow cylinder at the axis; cells regular, closed; core- 

 lines clasping; carpels emarginate, tufted; seeds light and dark brown, 

 large, wide, long, obtuse, sometimes slightly tufted; flesh yellow, firm, 

 very crisp, juicy, pleasantly aromatic, rich, sprightly subacid; very good; 

 September to December. 



