VARIETIES OF APPLES 249 



lived nor hardy, suffer much from apple-canker, lack vigor, are 

 shy bearers, and lose a large part of the crop as drops or culls. 

 Swaar was early produced by the Dutch settlers in the Hudson 

 River valley, and has long been a favorite in that region. 



Tree of medium size^ vigorous^ round to spreading^ dense. Fruit medium 

 to large, round-oblate, often ribbed, regular, symmetrical; stems long to 

 medium in length, slender; cavity large, acute, deep, wide, often furrowed, 

 usually russeted; calyx small, closed or open; lobes broad, obtuse, usually 

 eonnivent; basin small, shallow, obtuse, wide, furrowed and wrinkled; skin 

 tough, roughened with dots and flecks of russet, yellow, often shaded with 

 a bronze blush; dots numerous, green or russet; calyx-tube cone-shape; 

 stamens median; core small, axile, with hollow cylinder in the axis; cells 

 closed or partly open; core-lines clasping; carpels thin, tender, broadly 

 round, emarginate, mucronate, sometimes tufted; seeds numerous, broad, 

 plump, obtuse, light brown; flesh yellow, firm, tender, fine-grained, juicy, 

 mild or very mild subacid, aromatic, rich; very good to best; November 

 to April. 



380. Gloria Mundi. Pound. — Gloria IMundi is of interest be- 

 cause its fruits are the largest of cultivated apples, fit, however, 

 only for culinary uses. All that is known of its history is that 

 it was cultivated in the states of the Northeast very generally 

 before 1804. 



Tree large, vigorous, spreading, hardy, long-lived, but not very produc- 

 tive. Fruit large, round with truncate ends, conical, ribbed, sides un- 

 equal; stem short, thick; cavity large, acuminate, deep, broad, furrowed 

 and compressed, sometimes russeted; calyx large, open or partly closed; 

 lobes separated at base, short, narrow; basin large, deep, wide, abrupt; 

 skin yellow, sometimes with faint bronze blush; dots small, often areolar 

 with russet center, or light colored and submerged; calyx-tube very large, 

 long, wide, broadly conical extending to core; stamens median; core large, 

 usually abaxile; cells symmetrical, open; core-lines usually clasping; car- 

 pels broadly roundish to elliptical, tufted; seeds dark brown, small, narrow, 

 short, plump, obtuse, sometimes tufted; flesh yellow, coarse, crisp, tender, 

 juicy, mild subacid; fair or good in quality; October to January. 



381. Northwestern Greening (Fig. 75). 



— Possessed of a constitution which enables 



it to endure as much cold as any other apple 



excepting a few Russian sorts. Northwestern 



Greening has found a niche in the apple 



flora of the cold Northwest. The tree grows 



with rapidity and vigor and eventually be- ^ „^ ^^ . 



^ •^ » . *" Fig. 75. Northwest- 



comes a reliable and productive producer. ern Greening. 



