VARIETIES OF APPLES 255 



storage. The trees, also are but moderately vigorous. Grimes 

 Golden originated in West Virginia more than a century ago. 



Tree vigorous, upright-spreading, drooping, dense. Fruit medium to 

 large, round-oblong, often flattened at the ends, sometimes conic, regular, 

 frequently obscurely ribbed; sometimes oblique, symmetrical, uniform, 

 sides often unequal; stem short; cavity broad, deep, acute, often russeted; 

 calyx large, closed; lobes long, reflexed, often separated at base; basin 

 abrupt, deep, wide, furrowed; skin tough, deep yellow with scattering pale 

 yellow or russet dots; calyx-tube yellow, very broad at the top, conical, 

 deep; stamens basal; core small, abaxile; cells symmetrical, closed or open; 

 core-lines meeting; cells roundish, emarginate, concave; seeds numerous, 

 tufted, plump, acute; flesh yellow, very firm, tender, crisp, coarse, juicy, 

 subacid, rich, aromatic, sprightly; very good to best; November to Feb- 

 ruary. 



Group 11. Bed Apples 



391. Lawyer. Delaware ^Yinter. — Lawver retains a place in 

 pomology because of the attractive appearance and long-keeping 

 quality of the fruit. The apples are, however, but mediocre in 

 quality. The trees come in bearing early, and yield large crops 

 biennially. The variety is at its best in southern latitudes. 

 Fruit and foliage are subject to apple-scab. Lawver is said 

 to have come from Parkville, Missouri, soon after the Civil War, 

 and to have been reintroduced from Delaware under the name 

 Delaware Winter. 



Tree vigorous, round-spreading, dense. Fruit medium to large, round 

 or oblate; stem long and slender; cavity acute or acaminate, deep, large 

 and broad with outspreading russet rays; calyx small, closed or open, often 

 leafy; lobes separated at the base; basin wide, flat and obtuse, deep and 

 abrupt, gently furrowed, wrinkled; skin thin, tough, smooth, covered with 

 bright red which deepens about the base and is often mottled and streaked 

 with dull gray scarf-skin, toward the apex lighter red; dots white or russet, 

 small and numerous about the basin, large and scattering toward the cavity ; 

 calyx-tube long, narrow at top, f unnelf orm ; stamens median; core abaxile, 

 open; core-lines clasping; carpels concave, round to obcordate, tufted; 

 seeds dark, large, wide, obtuse, tufted; flesh yellow, firm, breaking, fine, 

 crisp, tender, juicy, brisk subacid, aromatic; fair to good; January to 

 May or June. 



392. Arkansas. Mammoih Black Twig. Arkansas Black. — 

 Arkansas is a large, dull, deep red, striped, late-keeping winter- 



