VARIETIES OF APPLES 259 



dots large, dull, pale, mingled with flecks of russet; calyx-tube funnel- 

 form; stamens median; core small, axile; cells closed; core-lines clasping 

 the funnel cylinder; carpels broad, narrowing toward base and apex, tufted; 

 seeds narrow to wide, obtuse or approaching acute, tufted, light brown; 

 flesh white, tinged with green or yellow, firm, fine-grained, juicy, aromatic, 

 mild subacid becoming nearly sweet; good to very good; October to March. 



398. Cooper Market. — For nearly a century Cooper Market 

 was a standard commercial apple in northern regions. Its merits 

 are capacity to keep, attractive color and form in the fruit, and 

 vigor, hardiness, healthfulness, and productiveness in the trees. 

 The variety is now passing from cultivation because the apples 

 are small and their quality is poor. It was first described in 

 1904. 



Tree vigorous, upright, lateral branches long, slender and drooping. 

 Fruit medium or large, round-conic, flattened at the base and often nar- 

 rowing sharply towards the apex, symmetrical; stem long, slender; cavity 

 acuminate, deep, narrow, sometimes furrow'ed, russeted; calyx small, closed, 

 pubescent ; basin small, oblique, shallow, narrow, obtuse, furrowed, wrinkled ; 

 skin tough, smooth, glossy, greenish-yellow, mottled and blushed with red, 

 conspicuously splashed and striped with bright carmine and covered with 

 light bloom; dots white or with a russet point, numerous and small towards 

 the cavity, scattering, large and irregular towards the basin; calyx-tube 

 small, short, cone-shape; stamens median; core distant, truncate, abaxile; 

 cells open, often unsymmetrical; core-lines clasping; carpels round, emargi- 

 nate, tufted ; seeds numerous, dark, short, plump, acute ; flesh yellow, very 

 firm, coarse, tender, juicy, brisk subacid; fair to good; January to June. 



399. Missouri Pippin is one of the standard commercial apples 

 in Missouri and neighboring states. The qualities which give 

 it standing are : attractive appearance and long keeping qual- 

 ity in the fruit, and earliness, reliability, and heavy bearing in 

 the trees. The apples are only second-rate in quality and the 

 trees are usually short-lived. Missouri Pippin originated on 

 the farm of Brinkley Hornsby, Kingsville, Missouri, from seed 

 planted about 1840. 



Tree vigorous, upright-spreading, with long, slender, curved branches, 

 characteristic on account of its numerous slender twigs. Fruit medium 

 in size, round-conic; stem slender; cavity acute, wide, deep, faintly rus- 

 seted; calyx closed or nearly so; lobes long, narrow; basin medium to deep, 

 wide, abrupt, wrinkled; skin thick, tough, smooth, glossy, thinly coated 

 with bloom; color pale yellow overspread with bright red, striped with 

 dark red; dots conspicuous, russet, or large, pale gray; calyx-tube funnel- 



