2G0 



SYSTEM A TJC POMOLOCY 



Fig. 83. Baldwin. 



form with widi' limh, sDiiietimcs broiully euuical; stamens mediau; core 

 small, a\ili\ nr nearly so; cells symmetrical, open; core-lines clasping; 

 carpels smooth, round-elliptical, sometimes emar^inate; seeds small, obtuse, 

 dark brown; Uesh yellow, firm, fine-^^rained, brisk subacid; fair to good in 

 (pKility; October to January. 



400. Baldwin (Ki^'. 83). — This is the standard winter apple of 

 eastern Anu'iica. It takes its higli rank from several eliarac- 

 ters, ehiei' of wliieh is achipt ability to a great diversity of soils 



and eliniates. Other good (pialities are: the 

 fruits keep long; are uniformly large; 

 wiieii well grown, are attraetive in eolor; 

 the quality is good; and the apples stand 

 handling and shipping well. The trees are 

 vigorous, long-lived, healthy, and remark- 

 ably productive, and the crop is usually 

 uniform. . The trees are faulty in bearing 

 biennially, in falling a little below the average in hardiness, and 

 in being susceptible in fruit and foliage to the apple-scab fungus. 

 Baldwin originated about 1740 on the farm of John Ball, Wil- 

 mington, Massachusetts. 



Tree large, very vigorous, upright-spreading; branches stout. Fruit 

 large, round-conic to round-oblong, uniform in shape ; stem medium to 

 long ; cavity acute, deep, broad, often furrowed, sometimes lipped, russeted 

 with outspreading rays of russet or green; calyx small, closed or open, with 

 long lobes, acuminate; basin abrupt, narrow to wide, often furrowed, 

 corrugated; skin tough, smooth, light yellow, blushed and mottled with 

 red, striped with deep carmine; dots gray, depressed, small and numerous 

 toward the basin, conspicuous towards the cavity; calyx-tube conical, short 

 and wide with projection of fleshy pistil point into its base; stamens basal; 

 core medium, axile, closed or partly open; core-lines meeting; carpels 

 round-ovate, emarginate, tufted ; seeds variable, large, long, acute, dark 

 brown; flesh yellow, firm, coarse, crisp, tender, juicy, agreeably subacid, 

 sprightly, aromatic; good; November to April. 



401. Westfield. Seelx-no-furilier. — AVestfield is distinguished 

 by its dessert fruits of a full rich flavor and a pleasing aroma. 

 The trees are exceptionally hardy, vigorous, and long-lived, but 

 are productive only on Avarm, well-drained, fertile loams. The 

 variety is said to have originated at Westfield, Massachusetts, 

 and was under cultivation as early, at least, as the Revolutionary 

 War. It is well known in New England, New York, Ohio, and 

 Michigan. 



