essential.' 



I>l). Stnyniai 



SYSTFMATir POMOLOny 



tlius, tliL' fruits arc larycr and better-flavored; the 

 trees are more produetive and adapted to a 

 wider ran{^e of soil and eliniate. The eulti- 

 vation of Stayman is limiK'd to regions hav- 

 ing a long season, for in northern latitudes 

 the apples fail to attain perfection in size, 

 color, or flavor. Tlie variety was grown 

 from seed of Winesap phmted in 1866 by 

 Dr. J. Stay man, Leavenworth, Kansas. 



Tree vigorous, spreading, open. Fruit medium to large, round-conic, 

 flattened at the base and rounding toward the basin, sides sometimes un- 

 equal; stem short; cavity large, acuminate, deep, often gently furrowed, 

 russeted, sometimes with outspreading, broken, russet rays; calyx small, 

 closed; lobes long, acute; basin small, shallow, narrow and obtuse to deep 

 and abrupt, furrowed, wrinkled; skin smooth, thick, tough, yellow, often 

 covered with dull red and indistinctly striped with carmine; dots light 

 gray and russet, large; calyx-tube cone-shape; stamens median; core small, 

 abaxile; cells closed or open; core-lines clasping the cylinder; carpels thin, 

 tender, concave, elliptical, emarginate; seeds long, obtuse, plump, often 

 abortive; flesh yellow, firm, fine-grained, tender, crisp, breaking, juicy, aro- 

 matic, sprightly, pleasant subacid; good to very good; December to May. 



Fig. 100. Red Can- 

 ada. 



422. Red Canada (Fig. 100). Canada Red. Steele's Red.— 

 The apples are characterized by firm, crisp, fine-grained, juicy, 

 aromatic, richly flavored flesh; they are 

 medium to large, deep red, striped with 

 deeper red on a background of yellow; the 

 whole surface is conspicuously marked with 

 large fawn-colored dots. The trees are pre- 

 cariously hardy, lack in vigor, fastidious as 

 to soils, and are seldom sure or annual 

 bearers. Red Canada originated in New 

 England a hundred or more years ago, and has been most largely 

 planted in New England, New York, and Michigan. 



Tree medium to large, vigorous, upright. Fruit medium to large, round- 

 conic, flattened at the base, sometimes obscurely ribbed and with sides a 

 little unequal; stem slender, pubescent; cavity large, acuminate, deep, wide, 

 often russeted and with radiating green or russet rays, sometimes fur- 

 rowed; calyx small, closed or partly open, pubescent; basin small, narrow, 

 shallow, abrupt, often oblique; skin tough, smooth toward the cavity, rough 

 about the basin, light yellow overspread with a deep red blush, indistinctly 



