VARIETIES OF PEARS 



289 



Fig. 110. Bartlett. 



vigorous, attain large size, bear young, live long, and are easily 

 managed in the orchard. The pears are large, handsome, of 

 good but not of the best quality, and keep 

 and ship remarkably well. Bartlett is not 

 without faults, however : the trees are not 

 above the average in resistance to blight ; they 

 are not as hardy as those of some other va- 

 rieties; and more than those of any other 

 standard variety the blossoms require cross- 

 fertilization. It is the most desired of all 

 pears by the canning trade. This pear was 

 found as a wilding at Aldermaston, Berk- 

 shire, England. It was first introduced to 

 this country in 1797 or 1799 under the name 

 of Williams' Bon Chretien. In 1817 Enoch 

 Bartlett, Dorchester, Massachusetts, allowed the pear to go out 

 under his own name. Henceforth it became known in America 

 exclusively as Bartlett. 



Tree medium in size, with age becoming tall and pyriform, upright. 

 Fruit matures in September; large, 3% inches long, 2% inches wide, ob- 

 long-obtuse-pyriform, tapering slightly toward the apex, uniform; surface 

 wavy; stem 1% inches long, often curved, thick; cavity small, usually 

 lipped, with thin light streaks of russet, acute, shallow; calyx partly open; 

 lobes separated at the base, narroAv, acute; basin very shallow, narrow, 

 obtuse, furrowed and wrinkled; skin thin, tender, 

 smooth, often dull, the surface somewhat uneven; 

 color clear yellow, with a faint blush on the exposed 

 cheek, more or less dotted with russet and often 

 thinly russeted around the basin; dots many, small, 

 greenish-russet ; flesh fine-grained, slightly granular 

 at the center, melting, juicy, aromatic; quality very 

 good; core large, closed, with clasping core-lines; 

 calyx -tube long, wide, funnel-shaped; seeds wide, 

 plump, acute. 



Fig. 111. Souvenir 

 du Cougres. 



448. Souvenir du Congres (Fig. 111). 

 Congress. Souvenir. — Souvenir du Congres 

 hardly merits a place in American pomology. 

 Yet since the crop ripens between those of 

 Clapp Favorite and Bartlett, and because the fruits are larger 

 and often handsomer, the variety may be worthy a place in col- 

 lections. The tree is remarkable for vigor, hardihood to cold, 



