306 SYSTEMATIC POMOLOGY 



tractive despite their grossness. Lincoln Coreless originated in 

 Lincoln County, Tennessee, about 1830. 



Tree nicdiuin to small, vigorous, upriglit, very dense, pyramidal, hardy, 

 an uncertain bearer. Fruit ripe in February; very large, 5V4 inches long, 

 3 inches wide, uniform in size, obovate-acute-pyriform, somewhat ribbed, 

 Avith unequal sides; stem 1% inches long, thick, curved; cavity obtuse, 

 shallow, narrow, russeted, furrowed, often lipped; calyx open, large; lobes 

 separated at the base, narrow, acute; basin very shallow, narrow, obtuse, 

 furrowed; skin very thick, tough, coarse and granular, smooth, dull; color 

 greenish-yellow, Avith a handsome pinkish-red blush on the cheek exposed 

 to the sun; dots many, brownish-russet, very conspicuous; flesh yellowish- 

 white, very firm, granular at the core, crisp, tough, medium juicy, rather 

 bitter and astringent; quality poor; core closed, with clasping core-lines; 

 calyx-tube long, wide, conical; seeds few, narrow, often abortive, acute. 



473. Pound is grown in collections for its monstrous fruits. 

 The pears not infrequently weigh three pounds, and one is noted 

 Aveighing four pounds, nine ounces. The pears are coarse in 

 form, texture, and flavor. The pears keep well, and are fairly 

 good for culinary purposes. The trees are unusually satisfac- 

 tory, because of which the variety should make a good parent 

 from which to breed. This is a very old pear, possibly dating 

 back to Pliny, who wrote about eighty years after the beginning 

 of the Christian era. 



Tree upright, dense-topped, hardy, very productive. Fruit matures in 

 February; large, 4 inches long, 2% inches wide, obovate-acute-pyriform, 

 with unequal sides; stem long, thick, curved; cavity obtuse, shallow, narrow, 

 russeted, furrowed, draAvn up in a fleshy ring about the stem; calyx large, 

 open; lobes separated at the base, obtuse; basin shallow, narrow, obtuse, 

 slightly furrowed, symmetrical; skin thick, tough, dull, roughened by the 

 dots and by russet markings; color golden-yellow, often marked on the 

 exposed cheek with a bronze or pinkish blush; dots numerous, russet, very 

 conspicuous; flesh yellowish, firm, granular, very tough, subacid, inferior 

 in flavor; quality very poor; core large, closed, axile, with meeting core- 

 lines; calyx-tube short, wide, conical; carpels pear-shaped; seeds very 

 large, brownish-black, wide, long, acuminate. 



Group 7. Pears with Stem-end Obtuse 



474. Josephine de Malines (Fig. 129). Malines. — This is one 

 of the few good winter pears. The fruits have a marked pe- 



