404 



SYSTEMATIC POMOLOGY 



The fruit is poor in quality, colors long before ripe, has a foxy- 

 odor, and the flesh is tough and pulpy. The bunches are com- 

 pact, with well-formed jet-black grapes, which make them attrac- 

 tive. Ives was grown by Henry Ives from seed planted in 1840 

 in Cincinnati, Ohio. 



Vine vigorous, liardy, healthy, productive. Leaves large; lobes 3-5 when 

 present -with terminal one acute; petiolar sinus shallow; lateral sinus nar- 

 row; teeth shallow. Fruit late midseason. Clusters large, tapering, fre- 

 quently single-shouldered, compact, often with numerous abortive berries; 

 pedicel, slender with numerous small warts; brush short, slender, pale with 

 a reddish-brown tinge. Berries oval, jet-black, with heavy bloom, very 

 persistent, firm; skin tough, adherent, wine-colored pigment, astringent; 

 flesh pale green, translucent, juicy, fine-grained, tough, foxy; good. Seeds 

 adherent, 1-4, small, often abortive, broad, short, blunt, plump, brown. 



Graup 4. Berries as Small as Those of Delaware or Smaller 



Sub-group 4. Berries Green 



621. Empire State (Fig. 235) competes wdth Niagara and 

 Diamond for supremacy among green grapes. The variety is 

 as vigorous in growth, as free from parasites, 

 and on vines of the same age as productive as 

 those of the other sorts named, but the vines 

 are less hardy, and the grapes are not so at- 

 tractive in appearance. The fruits are very 

 good, approaching in flavor the Old World 

 grapes ; the slight wild taste suggests one of 

 the iMuscats. The grapes ripen early, hang 

 long on the vine, and keep well after picking 

 without losing flavor. Empire State origi- 

 nated with James H. Ricketts, Newburgh, 

 New York, and bore fruit first in 1879. 



E^G. 235. Empire 

 State. 



Vine vigorous, somewhat tender. Leaves small; 

 lobes 3-5 when present, terminal one acuminate; peti- 

 olar sinus deep, narrow, often closed and overlapping ; 

 basal sinus variable in depth and width; lateral sinus 

 deep, narrow, often enlarged at base; teeth deep, wide. Flowers self -sterile, 

 open late; stamens upright. Fruit midseason. Clusters large, long, slen- 

 der, cylindrical, frequently single-shouldered, compact ; pedicel slender with 

 small warts; brush short, light green. Berries medium or small, round pale 



