422 SYSTEMATIC POMOLOGY 



and flower. Fruit medium early, larjje to very larj^o, conical, dark red, too 

 dull to be attractive; druiielets large, round, cohering so that the berry 

 does not crumble; torus small, rough and adhering too tenaciously to the 

 berry; flesh soft, juicy, rich, sprightly, pleasantly aromatic; quality good 

 to best; seeds relatively small. 



659. Surprise. R. idceus. Early Surprise. California Sur- 

 prise. — This seems to be the most remarkable red raspberry, 

 which so far as yet tested, thrives only in California, where it 

 is becoming the most popular variety of this fruit. On the 

 grounds of the New York Agi^icultural Experiment Station, 

 Geneva, New York, the plants are so tender to cold and suffer 

 so much from dry and hot weather that the variety is worthless. 

 In California, the fruit is described as being very like that of 

 Superlative, but the plant is very different. Thus, the plant 

 has the remarkable quality of bearing fruit every month in the 

 year in southern California ; bears the first season set ; is bushy 

 and almost Aveeping; and is reported to be much more produc- 

 tive than that of Superlative. Surprise originated with D. W. 

 Coolidge, Pasadena, California, about 1898, and was introduced 

 in 1904. 



BLACK RASPBERRIES 



660. Black Pearl (Fig. 244).— Although a new variety, Black 

 Pearl stands at the front of black raspberries. The plants are 



about all that could be desired in hardiness, 

 healthfulness, and productiveness ; while the 

 berries are large and glossy black, very in- 

 viting in appearance, and of good quality, 

 falling short only in being a little too var- 

 iable in size. The season is early but some- 

 what short, the crop maturing a week or 

 more before the well-known Gregg. Black 

 Pearl is in favor with evaporators, especially 

 in cold climates, and where summer droughts 

 " Pearl. ^^ parch the land. The variety was found as 



a chance seedling by Herman Krumris, St. 

 Joseph, Missouri, in 1905, and was introduced in 1907. 



Plants vigorous, upright, very productive; canes numerous, stocky, dull 

 brownish-red, with heavy bloom; spines numerous, slender. Leaflets small, 



