320 MANUAL OF AMERICAN GRAPE-GROWING 



on soils which contain much lime. The leaves are never in- 

 jured by the sun and they resist the attacks of insects, such as 

 leaf-hoppers, better than any other American species under 

 cultivation, .^stivalis is rarely injured by black-rot or mildew, 

 according to American experience, but French growers speak 

 of its being susceptible to both. The hard roots of .Estivalis 

 enable it to resist phylloxera, and varieties with any great 

 amount of the blood of this species are seldom seriously hijured 

 by this insect. An objection to .Fstivalis, from a horticultural 

 standpoint, is that it does not root well from cuttings. ]\Iany 

 authorities speak of it as not rooting at all from cuttings, but 

 this is an over-statement of tlu^ facts, as many of the wild and 

 cultivated varieties are occasion;ill> j)ropagated in this manner, 

 and some southern nurseries, located in particularl\- favorable 

 situations, make a practice of propagating it by this method. 

 Varieties of this species bear grafting well, especially in the 

 vineyard. 



Vitit (F.sii'raJi.f LInrrnnnii, ]\Iunson. Post-oak Grape. 

 Pine- wood Grape. Turkey Grape. 



Vino vigorous, sometimes climbing high upon trees, sometimes 

 forming a bushy ehimp from two to six feet high ; canes cylindrical, 

 much rusty wool on shoots; tendrils intermittent. Leaves very large, 

 almost as wide as long; entire or tliree-, five-, or rarelj^ seven-lobed ; 

 lobes frequently divided; sinuses, including petiolar sinus, deep; 

 smooth above, and with more or less rusty pubeseence below. (The 

 north-Texas, southwestern Missouri and northern Arkansas form 

 shows little or no pubescence but has fine priekly spines at base of 

 shoots and shows much blue bloom on shoots, canes and the under side 

 of the leaves.) Fruit small to large, usually larger than typical ^s- 

 tivalis, usually black, with heavy bloom. Seeds larger than iEstivalis, 

 pear-shaped ; chalaza roundish. 



Lincecumii inhabits the eastern half of Texas, western Loui- 

 siana, Oklahoma. Arkansas and sonthern Missouri on high 

 sandy land, frequently climbing post-oak trees, hence the 

 name, post-oak grai)e, by which it is locally known. 



