VARIETIES OF GRAPES 345 



popular with jTjrowers, chiefly because the grapes ripen very 

 late and are not of high quality. The most valuable character 

 of the variety is that of long keeping, whether hanging on the 

 vine or after harvesting. T. V. ]Munson, Denison, Texas, 

 raised Carman from seed of a wild post-oak grape taken from 

 the woods, pollinated with mixed pollen of Triumph and Herbe- 

 mont. It was introduced in 1892. 



Vine very vigorous, hardy, rather productive. Canes long, nu- 

 merous, thick, reddish-brown ; nodes enlarged, flattened ; internodes 

 long ; tendrils intermittent, long, trifid. Leaves large, thick ; upper 

 surface light green, glossy, older leaves rugose ; lower surface pale 

 green, pubescent; terminal lobe acute; petiolar sinus deep; basal 

 sinus absent or shallow ; lateral sinus shallow when present. Flowers 

 self-fertile or nearly so, open very late ; stamens upright. 



Fruit late, keeps well. Clusters variable in size, tapering, single- 

 shouldered, compact ; pedicel short, slender, smooth ; brush short, 

 slender, wine-colored. Berries small, round, slightly oblate, purplish- 

 black, glossy, covered with heavy bloom, persistent, fii'm ; skin thin, 

 tough, free ; flesh 3'ello\vish-gi-een, tender, post-oak flavor, vinous, 

 spicy ; good to very good. Seeds free, one to four, small, blunt, 

 brown. 



Catawba 



(Labrusca, Vinifera) 



Arkansas, Catawba Tokay, Cherokee, Fancher, Keller's White, 

 Lebanon, Lincoln, Mammoth Catawba, Mead's Seedling, 

 Merceron, Michigan, Muncy, Omega, Rose of Tennessee, 

 Saratoga, Singleton, Tekomah, Tokay, Virginia Amber. 



Catawba has long been the standard red grape in the markets 

 of eastern America, chiefly because the fruit keeps well and is 

 of high quality. The vine is vigorous, hardy and productive, 

 but the foliage and fruit are susceptible to fungi. These two 

 faults account for the decline of Catawba in grape regions in 

 the United States and for its growing unpopularity. In botani- 

 cal characters and in adaptationsand susceptibilities, the variety 

 suggests Miiifcra crossed with Labrusca. The characters of 



