138 THE GRAPES OF NEW YORK. 



cuttings and grafts well in the vineyard. The species blossoms with or 

 just before Labrusca. It is of doubtful value to the southern grape-grow- 

 ers and is of no value in the North. 



18. VITIS AESTIVALIS Michx. 



I. (?) Marshall, 1785:16V V. vixifera america.va; American grape vine. 2. (?) Walter, 

 1788:242. v. Labrusca. 3. Michaux, 2:2.30. 1803. 4. Bartram, Dom. Enc., 5:289. 1804. 

 V. svLVESTRis; V. occident'Ms; Common Blue grape; Bunch grape. 5. Muhlenberg, 1813:27. 

 V. intermedia; V. aesiivalis; Summer grape. 6. Pursh, 1:160. 1814. V. vidpina; V. labrusca; 

 Summer grape. 7. Nuttall, 1:143. '8x8. 8. Elliott. 2:688. 1824. 9. Torrey, Fl. of N. & 

 M. Sta., 1826:121. 10. Rafinesque, 1830:9. V. bracteata; V. labrusca; V. aestivalis; Sour 

 grape. 11. Prince, 1830:199. V. intermedia; V. sylvestris; V. occidentalis ; Summer grape; Little 

 grape; Bunch grape; Blue grape. J2. Torrey, Fl. of .V. Y., 1:146. 1843. ^'- intermedia; Summer 

 grape. 13. Darlington, 1853 :5o. Little grape; Summer grape. 14. Le Conte, Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., 

 6:272. 1853. V. ara.veosus. 15. lb., 76., 6:271. 1853. V. bracteata: V. aestivalis; Duck-sho. 

 grape; Swamp grape. 16. Buckley, U . S. Pat. Off. Rpt., 1861 :4Si, 482. Frost grape; Chicken grapet 

 17. Stayman. Gar. Mon., 11:37, 38, 40. 1869. Summer grape. 18. Grape Cult., 1:4, 7, 113. 1869. 

 19. Engelmann, Mo. Ent. Rpt.. 1872:61. Summer grape. 20. Engelmann, Bush. Cat., 1883:10, 11, 

 12, 14, 16. Summer grape. 21. Bush, lb., 1883:22. 22. Munson, Am. Hort. Soc. Rpt., 1885:134. 

 Summer grape. 23. lb.. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt., 1885:97, 98. Summer grape. 24. Planchon, 

 De Candolle's Mon. Phan., 5:323, 334. 1887. Summer grape; Chicken grape; Little grape. 25. 

 Munson, Gar. and For., 3:474. 1890. 26. lb., U. S. D. A. Pom. Bui., 3:11. i8go. 27. lb.. Bush. 

 Cat., 1894:20, 22, 27, 28. Summer grape. 28. Bailey, Cray's Syn. Fl., 1:427. 1897. Summer 

 grape; Bunch grape; Pigeon grape; V. sylvestris; V. occidentalis; V. Americana; V. Nortoni; V. 

 labrusca, var. aestivalis; V. bracteata; V. arancosus. 29. Britton and Brown, 2:409. 1897. Sum- 

 mer grape; Small grape. 30. Munson, Tex. Sta. Bui., 56:231, 234, 266. 1900. 31. Viala and 

 Ravaz, .4m. Vines, 1903:42, 59. 



Vine very vigorous; shoots slightly pubescent or smooth -n-hen young; diaphragms 

 medium to rather thick; tendrils intermittent, usually bifid. Leaves with short, broad 

 stipules; leaf-blade medium to very large, rather thin when young but becoming rather 

 thick; petiolar sinus deep, usually narrow, frequently overlapping; margin rarely entire, 

 usually three- to five-lobed; teeth dentate, shallow, medium wide; upper surface rather 

 dark green; lower surface with more or less reddish or rusty pubescence which, in mature 

 leaves, usually shows in patches on the ribs and veins; petioles frequently pubescent. 

 Clusters medium to large, usually long, not much branched, with long peduncle. Berries 

 small to medium, with moderate amount of bloom, usually somewhat astringent. Seeds 

 two to three, of medium size to above, plump, usually smooth, not notched; chalaza 

 oval, distinct; raphe a distinct cord-like ridge. Leafing and ripening fruit late to very 

 late. (See Plate.) 



Viiis aestivalis is variable, particularly in its leaf characters, such as 

 quantity of pubescence, size, shape and thickness of leaf. Those who are 

 most familiar with it are of the opinion that in a general way the leaves 



