THE GRAPES OF NEW YORK. 149 



5. lb., Mich. Hort. Soc. Rpt., 1893:116. Pahnctto-lcavcd grape. 6. Bailey, Gray's Syn. Fl., 

 1:429. iSgy. 7. Munson, Tex. Sta. Bui., 56:2^2, 234, 240, 267. igoo. fig. Simpson's grape. 8. 

 Viala and Ravaz, Am. Vim-s. 1903:167. 



Vine very vigorous, climbing; shoots cylindrical with much brownish pubescence; 

 diaphragms very thick; tendrils intermittent. Leaves with stipules short and broad; 

 leaf-blade rather thin, large, broadly cordate, usually considerably lobed; petiolar sinus 

 of medium width and depth ; margin coarsely toothed ; upper surface slightly rugose and 

 of a dark-green ; lower surface with rusty white pubescence sometimes becoming almost 

 a blue green ; the shape of leaf and amount of pubescence vary widely. Clusters large, 

 loose; peduncle long; pedicel thick. Berries small to medium, more tender in pulp 

 and less astringent than Vitis aestivalis, black with moderate amount of bloom. Leaf- 

 ing, blooming, and ripening fruit late. 



Vitis sinipsoni was named and briefly described by Munson in 1887. 

 In 1 89 1 he stated that the species is a hybrid of Vitis coriacea (here con- 

 sidered a variety of Vitis candicans) crossed with Vitis cinerca. Bailey 

 states that it is probably a hybrid of Aestivalis crossed with Coriacea. 

 Some forms of Simpsoni are said to be very difficult to distinguish from 

 Vitis labriisca. 



Simpsoni prefers warm, sandy soils and is found in central and southern 

 Florida. It roots from cuttings with great difficulty; it is tender and will 

 not withstand cold winters. While it is very resistant to phylloxera 

 and also to mildew and black-rot. its leaves are said to be much attacked 

 by leaf-rollers. The blossoming period is just after Aestivalis. The berries 

 are of good flavor and might be of some value for the country along the 

 Gulf Coast but it is of no valtte for the North. 



23. VITIS LABRUSCA' Linn.= 



I. Linnaeus, Sp. PL, 1:203. i75j- ^'- syh'cstris Virginiana; V. vinifcra sylvcstris americana. 

 2. Marshall, 1785:165. V. vulpina; Fox grape vine. 3. Walter, 1788:242. V. taurina. 

 4. Michaux, 2:230. 1S03. l'. taurina. 5. Bartram, Dom. Enc., 5:289. 1804. V. vulpina; Fox 

 grape. 6. Muhlenberg. 1813:27. Fox grape. 7. Pursh, 1:169. 1814. V. taurina. 8. Nuttall, 

 1:143. 1818. 9. Elliott, 2:689. 1824. V. taurina. 10. Torrey, Fl. of N. & M. Sta., 1826:120. 



' The name Labrusca is an old one originally applied to a grape growing wild in Italy. Engel- 

 mann states that this grape is still known to the Italians by the name Brusca. It was probably 

 applied to the American species by Linnaeus under the mistaken supposition that our northern Fox 

 grape was the same as the wild Italian species. 



"Carl von Linne, better known in the Latin form of Carolus Linnaeus, was born in 1707 at 

 Rashult in the province of Smaland, Sweden. His father, a minister, endeavored to educate his 

 son to follow the same profession. In this he failed, as Linnaeus from his earliest years took no 



