THE GRAPES OF NEW YORK. 203 



named in honor of E. S. Carman, for man}' years editor of the Rural New 

 Yorker, and a plant-breeder of note. 



Vine very vigorous to medium, hardy, lacking in productiveness. Canes long, 

 numerous, thick, brown to reddish-brown; nodes but slightly enlarged, flattened; inte"- 

 nodes long to medium; diaphragm somewhat thick; pith above medium size; shoots 

 very pubescent; tendrils intermittent, long, trifid. 



Leaf-buds rather large, nearly short, thick, conical to obtuse, open rather late. 

 Young leaves slightly tinged with rose on upper and lower sides. Leaves in good con- 

 dition until injured by frost, large, thick; upper surface light to dark green, somewhat 

 glossy, older leaves rugose; lower surface pale green, pubescent; veins indistinct; ter- 

 minal lobe acute to obtuse; petiolar siniis deep to narrow; basal sinus often absent or 

 shallow; lateral sinus medium to shallow when present; teeth intermediate in depth 

 and width. Flowers on plan of five or six, fertile or nearly so, open very late; stamens 

 upright. 



Fruit ripens just before Catawba, an excellent keeper. Clusters variable in size, 

 of average length and breadth, tapering to cylindrical, frequently single-shouldered, 

 usually compact; peduncle above medium length and thickness; pedicel short, slender, 

 smooth with very slight swelling at point of attachment to berry; brush short, slender, 

 wine-colored. Berries inferior in size, roundish to slightly oblate, dark purplish-black 

 to black, glossy, covered with a fair amount of blue bloom, persistent, firm. Skin 

 rather thin, tough, nearly free from pulp, contains little or no pigment, not astringent. 

 Flesh yellowish-green, not juicy, somewhat tender when fully ripe, has some Post-oak 

 flavor, vinous, spicy, sweetish at skin to tart next the seeds, good to very good. Seeds 

 separate easily from pulp, one to four, average two or three, small, of mean length ami 

 breadth, blunt, brownish; raphe sometimes cord-like; chalaza intermediate in size, 

 slightly above center, oval to pear-shaped, distinct. 



CATAWBA. 



(Labrusca, Vinifera.) 



I. Adlum, 1823:109, 139. 2. lb., 1828:173. 3. lb., 1828:176. 4. Prince, 1830:175. 5. lb., 

 1830:180. 6. U. S. Pat. Off. Rpt., 1845:312, 93S, 939. 7. lb., 1847:462, 463. 464, 465, 466, 467. 469. 

 8. Mag. Hort., 15:513- 1849- 9- West. Hort. Rev.. 1:15. 1S50. 10. U. S. Pat. Off. Rpt., 1851:48, 

 49, 51. 11. Am. Pom. Soc. Cat., 1852:54. 12. Buchanan, 1852:23. 71, 96, 106. 13. Elliott, 1854:244. 

 14. Hooper, 1857:274. 15. Horticulturist, 16:120. 1861. 16. Mag. Hort., 28:506. 1862. 17. 76., 

 29:73. 1S63. i3. Gar. Man., 5:73, 74, 1S4. 1S63. 19. iV. Y. Ag. Soc. Rpt., 1864:42. 20. Am. 

 Pom. Soc. Rpt., 1867:43. 21. Fuller, 1867:220, 241, 24S. 22. Gar. Mon., 9:214. 1S67. 23. Horti- 

 culturist, 23:298. 186S. fig. of leaf. 24. Downing, 1869:533. 25. Barry, 1872:421. 26. Gar. Mon., 

 14:167. 1872. 27. Ohio Hort. Soc. Rpt., 1875-6:72, 73. 28. Bush. Cat., 1883:80. fig. 29. Am. 

 Pom. Soc. Rpt., 1883:118. 30. Am. Card., 12:581. 1S91, 31. Gar. and For., 8:487. 1895. 32. 

 N. Y. Sta. An. Rpt.. 15:432. 1896. 33. lb., 17:527, 540, 543, 544, 548, 552. 189S. 34. Ev. Nat. 

 Fruits, 1898:53. 35. V. Y. Sta. An. Rpt., 18:367, 374, 386, 396. 1899. 36. Mo. Sta. Bid., 46:38, 



