THE GRAPES OF NEW YORK. 307 



diaphragm thin; pith large to medium; shoots glabrous; tendrils continuous, of fair 

 length, bifid to sometimes trifid. 



Leaf-buds small, short, slender to medium, conical to pointed. Leaves of medium 

 size, intermediate in thickness; upper surface dark green, somewhat glossy, smoothish ; 

 lower surface pale green, slightly pubescent; veins rather distinct; lobes none to three 

 with terminal lobe acute to acuminate ; petiolar sinus intermediate in depth and width ; 

 basal sinus usually lacking; lateral sinus shallow, usually wide; teeth intermediate in 

 depth and width. Flowers open early; stamens reflexed. 



Fruit ripens about with Concord but colors early, appears to keep well. Clusters . 

 small and short, slightly tapering, sometimes single-shouldered, variable in compactness; 

 peduncle short, inclined to slender; pedicel short, slender to medium, covered with 

 numerous inconspicuous warts; brush short, of average thickness, dark wine color. 

 Berries irregular in size, averaging small, roundish to slightly oblate, jet-black, glossy, 

 covered slightly with blue bloom, usually persistent, firm. Skin intermediate in thickness, 

 tough, adheres slightly to the pulp, contains a large amount of dark purplish-red pig- 

 ment, not astringent. Flesh greenish, with distinct tinge of red, rather transparent, 

 moderately juicy, somewhat tender, fine-grained, spicy, sweet to agreeably tart at center, 

 not good enough in quality for dessert purposes. Seeds separate from the pulp some- 

 what easily, one to four in number, average two, intermediate in size and breadth, short 

 to medium, sharp-pointed, dark brownish; raphe buried in a shallow, narrow groove; 

 chalaza large with surface roughened and warty, central to sHghtly above, irregularly 



pear-shaped, distinct. 



ISABELLA. 



(Labrusca, Vinifera.) 



I. Amer. Farmer, 5:241. 1823. 2. lb., 9:221, 294, 309, 325. 1827. 3. Son. Agr., 2:552. 1829. 

 4. Prince, 1830:165. 5. Spooner, 1846:13, 29, 49. 6. Horticulturist, 6:410, 412. 1851. 7. U. S. 

 Pat. Off. Rpt., 1851:48-51. 8. .4))!. Pom. Soc. Cat., 1852:54. 9. Horticulturist, 15:73- i860. lo. 

 Gar. Mon., 2:156, 265. i860. 11. lb., 5:73, 74. 1863. 12. N. Y. Agr. Soc. Rpt., 1864:42, 45. 141. 

 13. Mag. Hort., 31:107, 157. 1865. 14. Husmann, 1866:18, 79, 122. 15. Downing, 1869:542. 

 16. Grape Cult., 2:76. 1870. 17. lb., 3:67, 103. 1871. 18. Gar. Mon., 14:105, 167, 296. 1872. 

 19. Horticulturist, 29:20, 245. 1874. 20. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt., 1883:57, 124, 128. 21. Bush. Cat., 

 1883:110. 22. Rural N. Y., 50:418, 482. 1891. 23. III. Sta. Bui., 28:255. 1893. 24. Kan. Sta. 

 Bui., 44:116. 1893. 25. X. Y. Sta. An. Rpt., 15:432. 433- 1896. 26. .V. Y. Sta. An. Rpt., 17:531. 

 541, 544, 548, 552. 189S. 27. Ala. Sta. Bui, 110:83. 1900- 28. Rttral N. Y., 59:719. 722- ^9°°- 

 fig. 29. Traits gen. de vit., 5:203. 1903. 



Alexander (2g). Black Cape {21)). Cape (2 g). Captraubc (2g). Champania (2()). Cherokee? 

 (11). Christie's Improved Isabella {1$, 2\, 2g). Conckling's Wilding (11). Constantia (2g). Dor- 

 chester (i). Framboisier (29). Garber's Red-Fox (29). Gibb's grape (4, 11, 18). Hanover 

 {southern) (11). Henscll's Long Island (11). Isabella (i). Isabelle d'Amerique (29). Lespeyre 

 (2, 10, II, iS). New Hanover (11). Paign's Isabella (15, 21, 29). Payfw's Early (11, 15, 21, 29). 

 Raisin de Cassis (29). Raisin du Cap (29). Raisin praise (29). Raisin Framboise (29). Sainte- 

 Hekne {2q). Saluda (11). Sanborntonf {15, 21, 2g). Schuylkill f {2g). Uva Fragola (2g). Vernet 

 (6, II, 18). Woodzvard (15, 21, 29). 



