THE GRAPES OF NEW YORK. 31I 



a grape. It is now grown in New York more than Isabella and while not 

 of any considerable commercial importance, is far more deserving attention 

 as a market grape than some of the poorly flavored kinds more generally 

 grown. 



There are several varieties under this name. Two are mentioned by 

 Warder; one of Ohio and one of New York origin. The Isabella Seedling 

 here described was originated by G. A. Ensenberger, Sr., of Bloomington, 

 Illinois, who sent it to this Station for testing in 1889. Full details of the 

 origin and history of this grape are not known, Mr. Ensenberger having 

 died soon after its dissemination, without leaving a record of his work. 



Vine vigorous to very vigorous, usually hardy, healthy, productive. Canes long 

 to medium, intermediate in number, thickish, dark brown, often with a tinge of red, 

 surface covered with thin bloom; tendrils intermittent to continuous, bifid. Leaves 

 healthy, medium to large, rather thick; upper surface medium green, dull, of average 

 smoothness ; lower surface pale green or grayish-green, occasionally with tinge of bronze, 

 pubescent; veins distinct. Flowers nearly fertile; stamens upright. 



Fruit ripens early but later than Moore Early, keeps well. Clusters large to 

 medium, long, slender to medium, cylindrical to slightly tapering, usually single-shoul- 

 dered, loose to medium but more compact than Isabella. Berries large to medium, 

 distinctly oval, often pear-shaped, dull black, covered with a moderate amount of blue 

 bloom, persistent, rather soft. Skin medium to thick, intermediate in toughness, con- 

 tains some red pigment. Flesh pale green, juicy, somewhat tender, slightly coarse, 

 vinous, sweet next the skin to acid at center, good in quahty. Seeds numerous, separate 

 rather easily from the pulp, inclined to large, of medium length, broad, notched, plump, 

 dark brown; raphe buried in a groove of average width; chalaza large, above center, 

 circular to slightly oval, somewhat obscure. 



ISRAELLA. 



(Labrusca, Vinifera?) 



I. Horticulturist, 18:313, 314. 1863. 2. Grant, Dcscript. Cat., 1864:5, 8, 18, ig, 21, 32. 3. 

 Grant, Grape Vines, 1864: i, 2, 13. 4. Mag. Hort., 33:70, 148, 337. 1867. 5. Fuller, 1867:225. 

 6. Am. Pom. Soc. Cat., 1867:44. 7. Mag. Hort., 34:6, 103, 138, 140, 309, 350. 1868. 8. Grape 

 Cult., 1:42, 116, 262, 302, 326. 1869. 9. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt., 1881:40. 10. Bush. Cat., 1883:111. 

 II. Tex. Sta. Bui., 48:1150, 1158. 1898. 12. Ga. Sta. Bui., 53:45. igoi. 



Israella came from Dr. C. W. Grant contemporaneously with lona, 

 and was heralded far and wide as the earliest good grape in cultivation. 

 For several years after its introduction it was widely tried and almost 

 ever5rwhere discarded because of the poor quality and unattractive appear- 



