THE GRAPES OF NEW YORK. 397 



surface grayish-white tinged with bronze; heavily pubescent. Flowers fertile or nearly 

 so, open medium early; stamens upright. Fruit ripens about with Concord, or slightly 

 earlier, keeps and ships well. Clusters large to medium, intermediate in length, rather 

 broad, usually single-shouldered but occasionally with a double shoulder, medium to 

 compact. Berries nearly large to medium, roundish, dull black, covered with thick 

 blue bloom, persistent. Skin of average thickness and toughness. Flesh tough, foxy, 

 sweet at skin to slightly acid at center, good in quality with a slight resemblance to 

 Concord. Seeds do not separate easily from the pulp, medium to above in size and 

 width, intermediate in length. 



SALEM. 



■ Labrusca, Vinifera.) 



1. .4)):. Pom. Soc. Rpl.. 1862:148. 2. U. S. D. A. Rpt.. 1865:16. 3. A>ii. Pom. Soc. Rpt.. 

 1867:114. 4. Mead, 1867:222. 5. Rcc. of Hori.. 1868:46. 6. .V. V. .4g. Soc. Rpl.. 1868:228. 

 7. .1/ag. Hort.. 34:7. 1S6S. 8. Hortkiiltmist, 24:138. 1869. fig. 9. Grape Cult., 1:150,181, 

 327. 1869. 10. Am. Jour. Hort.. 5:264. iS6q. II. Am. Pom. Soc. Cat., 1869:42. 12. Grape 

 Cult., 2:148, 140. A'-. 29S. 1870. 13. Mich. Pom. Soc. Rpt., 1877:205. 14. .\m. Pom. Soc. 

 Rpt., 1881:42, 138. 15. .v. V. Sta. An. Rpt., 9:329. iSqo. 16. III. Sta. Bid., 28:261. 1893. 

 17. Tcim. Sta. Bui, Vol. 9:187. i8g6. 18. jV. Y. Sta. An. Rpt., 17:535. 542, 543, 544, 548, 553. 

 1898. 19. Mich. Sta. Bui. 169:175. 1899. 



Rogers' Xo. 22 (i, 2). Rogers' i\'o. 22 (3, 5, 6, 9, 11, 12, 13, 15). Rogers' No. 53 (4, 9, 10, ir, 

 12, 13, 15, 17V 



Salem is the one of Rogers' hybrids of which the originator is said to 

 have thought most and to which he gave the name of his place of residence. 

 Taking all oi its characters, the variety is as close an approximation to the 

 ideal Rogers had in mind of a European grape and an American vine as 

 any one of the score or more of his hybrids. vSalem ranks among the best 

 of these hvbrids for either the garden or the commercial vineyard, and while 

 commonly found in both it has not been sufficiently recognized by those 

 who grow grapes for the market. It is difficult to say why it is not more 

 largely grown as a market fruit in New York. The two chief faults, unpro- 

 ductiveness and susceptibility to mildew, are not found in all localities, 

 and in these at least and especially near good markets, Salem otight to 

 take hisfh rank as a commercial fruit. 



As compared with other hyljrids of Vinifera and Labrusca, Salem is 

 early, hardy, vigorous and fairly productive of handsome fruit of high 

 quality both for table and for wine-making. Though the color-plate does 

 not show it, there is a suggestion in bunch and berry of Black Hamburg, 

 the paternal parent. So, too, there is such a suggestion in the flavor and 



