THE GRAPES OF NEW YORK. 399 



Fruit ripens slightly before Concord, keeps and ships well. Clusters medium to 

 large, rather short and broad, tapering to cylindrical, frequently heavily single-shoul- 

 dered, compact; peduncle short to medium, thick; pedicel medium to short, thick, 

 covered with few small warts, enlarged at point of attachment to berry; brush short, 

 pale green. Berries large to medium, roundish, verjr dark red, dull, covered with a 

 medium amount of blue bloom, decidedly persistent, soft. Skin tliick, intermediate 

 in toughness, adheres strongly to the pulp, contains no pigment, astringent. Flesh 

 slightly translucent, juicy, tender, somewhat stringy, moderately fine-grained, inclined 

 to vinous, sprightly, sweet at skin but acid at center, good to very good in quality. 

 vSeeds one to six, average four, large, long and broad, blunt, brownish; raphe shows as 

 a distinct cord-like ridge; chalaza small, roughened and frequently with radiating fur- 

 rows, much above center, variable in shape, distinct. 



SCUPPERNONG.' 



(Rotundifolia.) 



I. Atncr. Farmer, i:.^i7. iSiq. 2. lb.. 31,^32. 1822. 3. lb., 9:29, 30. 1827. 4. lb., 9:139. 

 1827. 5. Prince, 1830:1(17. 6. Ii>., 1830:170. 7. Downing, 1845:258. 8. Horticulturist. 12:457. 

 1857. 9. U. S. Pat. Off. Rpt., 1857:231. 10. Gar. Man., 5:73, 74. 18(13. 11. Grape Cult., 1:38, 

 280, 2()2. i86g. 12. lb., 3:60. 1871. 13. Am. Pom. Soc. Cat., 1871:1(1. 14. Am. Pom. Soc. 

 Rpt., 1881:40, 68, 147, 153, 155. 15. Gar. Mon., 28:140, 173. i88(). 16. Ala. Sla. Bui., 29:18. 

 iSgi. 17. Bush. Cat., 1894:177. fig. 18. Am. Gard., 20:688. iSog. 19. Ga. Sta. Bui., 53:49, 

 59. igoi. 20. N. C. Sta. Bui., 187:58, 60. 1903. 21. S. C. Sta. Bui.. 132:18. 1907. 



American Muscadine (5, 10, of the South 7). Bull (g, 17, of the South 7). Bitllacc (9, 17). 

 Bullet (17, of the South 7). Fox grape of the South (7). Green Scuppern'ONO (6). Green Musca- 

 dine (6). Hickman (3). Hickman (5, 10). Muscadine (g). Roanoke (4). Roanoke (5, 10, 17, of 

 the South 7). Scuppernong (3, 4, 5). White Mttscadine (11, 17). White Scuppernong (5). Wild 

 green Muscadine (6). Yellow Muscadine (17). 



The Scuppernong is preeminently the grape of the South. It is the 

 chief representative of the great species Vitis rotundifolia, which runs riot 

 in natural luxuriance from Delaware and Maryland to the Gulf, and west- 

 ward from the Atlantic to Arkansas and Texas. The name Scuppernong 

 was taken from the Indians and is now coinmon in the geography of North 



' In the eastern portion of the Southern States, the section where this variety originated and 

 where it is still most largely grown, Scuppernong is applied only to a white variety of Vitis rotundi- 

 folia. Unfortunately in many portions of the South and in the North, the word Scuppernong is 

 apparently taken as meaning a grape of the southern Fox or Rotundifolia class ; thus we find some 

 writers using such contradictory expressions as White Scuppernong, Green Scuppernong, and Black 

 Scuppernong. In the South, at least, this use of the term appears to have arisen in the last fifty 

 years, usage previous to that time being practically unanimous in recognizing that the Scuppernong 

 was the white Rotundifolia which had been selected at an early day for cultivation on account of 

 certain superior cultural characters distinguishing it from tlie rest of the species. 



