1904.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 223 



steep, broad, obtuse, incised in front, and with a similar shaped upper 

 jaw projecting. Eye large, high, and almost impinging on upper pro- 

 iile. Mouth superior, oblique, and gape reaching about opposite 

 nostril. Maxillary large, broadly expanded distally till If in eye, and 

 reaching a little beyond its center. Jaws strong, and heavy mandible 

 protruding when mouth is closed. Only lower lip developed, laterally 

 thick and fleshy. Teeth injjaws fine, in broad bands, those in outer 

 series short, enlarged, and truncate. At symphyseal knob of mandible 

 conspicuous patches of such teeth, those on dental surface well sepa- 

 rated, and others also on lower'surface of each ramus. Tongue broad, 

 pointed, and free. Suborbital rim narrow. Nostril large, vertical, 

 close to front of and midway in height of orbit. Interorbital space 

 rather narrow, slightly convex, and with two broad flattened longi- 

 tudinal ridges. Opercle with a strong spine. Margins of bones of 

 head serrate. 



Gill-opening deep, extending forward below front margin of eye. 

 Rakers long, slender, compressed, longest longer than filaments or 

 about 2^ in orbit. Pseudobranchise longer than filaments, nearly 

 equal to diameter of pupil. Branchiostegal rays large, broad at bases. 

 Isthmus short, and membrane with narrow fold across. 



Scales large, strongly ctenoid, and rather narrowly imbricated on 

 side. Scales along bases of dorsal and anal spinescent, but not 

 extending on fins. Caudal covered with small scales, except margins. 

 Base of pectoral with small scales. Ventral without scales except 

 pointed axillary scale. No flap between bases of these fins. Oper- 

 cles and cheek scaly, in 4 rows on latter, and rest of head naked. 

 Lateral line concurrent with margin of basal scales of dorsal, then 

 obliquely down across upper side of caudal peduncle to middle of 

 base of caudal. 



Origin of spinous dorsal beginning a little behind that of pectoral, 

 heteracanthous, and graduated down from fifth to penultimate, which 

 is shortest. Soft dorsal inserted a little in advance of origin of soft 

 anal, its first developed ray longest, and margin of fin straight from 

 this to last which is shortest, or about ^ its length. Third anal spine 

 larger, though shorter than fourth. Soft anal like soft dorsal, second 

 developed ray longest, and last about 2f in its length. Caudal deeply 

 forked, with pointed lobes. Pectoral small, and inserted over ventral. 

 Ventral large, spine straight and reaching about half way, and rest of 

 fin reaching about | of distance to origin of anal. 



Color when fresh in arrack rosy-red, deeper above. Base of spinous 

 dorsal pale rosy-red, and upper margin broadly pale orange-yellow. 



