152 president's address. 



for it was found that tetrasporce were so abundant over wide 

 areas as to give the sea a peculiar green colour, and "diatoms 

 were frequently in such enormous abundance that the tow nets 

 were filled to the brim with a yellow-brown slimy mass, with a 

 distressing odour, through which various crustaceans, annelids and 

 other animals wriggled." 



One of the most recent Antarctic explorations was made in the 

 Jason in 1893-1894. During the voyage of the Jasori (Captain 

 C. A. Larsen) to the Antarctic lands the discovery was made of a 

 new active volcano, named by Captain Larsen Christensen 

 Volcano, lat. 65° 5' S., long. 58° 40' W.^ 



" The volcano had the shape of a sugarloaf and was of con- 

 siderable height. The ice was melted for a considerable distance 

 around it. It presented a remarkable aspect, as round the top 

 and on the slopes there were funnel-like holes, from which a ver}^ 

 black and thick smoke issued from time to time, covering the top 

 itself." 



It is also stated (op. cit. p. 342) that to W. by IST. from 

 Christensen Volcano there are five islands, one of which is very 

 high, and all probably volcanic, as their tops were free from snow, 

 whereas those of the mountains on the mainland are snow-clad. 

 On the sketch chart accompanying this paper the active volcano 

 of, Sarsee is shown in the same neighbourhood, and also Linden- 

 berg Volcano [extinct (?)]. 



The Jason also visited Paulet Island, once an active volcano 

 (op. cit. p. 344). It was quite clear of snow, its steep red cliffs 

 thrown into relief by the grey background of the interior of the 

 island, giving it a striking appearance. The most important 

 discovery of the Jason, from a scientific point of view, was that 

 of Lower Tertiary fossils iyi situ, at Cape Seymour. These were 

 Cucullma, Natica, Cytherea and pieces of petrified wood, all of 

 course indicating a former climate much warmer than that which 

 now prevails. 



As regards climate, and distribution of animal and plant life, 

 the Antarctic regions are in strong contrast with the Arctic. 



* The Geogr. Journ. Vol. iv. No. 4, Oct. 1894, pp. 340-341. 



