BY PROF. DAVID, RICHARD HELMS, AND E. F. PITTMAN. 33 



rocks at this pass, 7,000 high, show evidence of having been 

 smoothed, probably by ice, from the bottom of the pass up to a 

 level of 7,150 feet, this being the extreme upward limit to which 

 possible ice-action was traced by us in the Kosciusko Plateau. 

 From Ramshead Pass (Lendenfeld) a view may be obtained of the 

 first of the glacial lakes, Lake May (or Cootapatamba, or 

 Kosciusko). 



Lake May [Lake Cootapatamba, Lake Kosciusko). — This lake 

 bears S. by E. from the Kosciusko Observatory, and is distant 

 from it about three-quarters of a mile. 



An examination of the valley which descends from Ramshead 

 Pass to the lake shows throughout ice-smoothed rock surfaces and 

 moraine material with occasional ice-scratched blocks. The last 

 mentioned are rare, as might have been expected in a locality 

 where the dominant rock is a coarsely crystalline gneissic granite, 

 very unsuited to receiving or retaining glacial markings. Such 

 few boulders as exhibit glacial markings are of felspathic 

 quartzite, and were derived from the east side of the valley. 



The lake which is about one-quarter of a mile long and has a maxi- 

 mum depth of about 17 feet, is bounded, at its lower end, by a very 

 well marked terminal moraine. The latter is slightly crescent- 

 shaped with the convex side of the crescent directed down the 

 valley. 



From its west extremity the moraine trends E. 10° S. for 6 

 chains, then E. 8° N. for 6 chains, then N.E. for about 8 chains, 

 passing in this last direction into lateral moraine. The best ice- 

 scratched blocks obtained by us were at the base of the terminal 

 moraine near its east end. 



While the length of this terminal moraine does not exceed one- 

 quarter of a mile, its height, at this east end, is a little over 40 

 feet, and near the centre about 75 feet. The blocks in the 

 moraine are nearly all granite, and are mostly from 3 feet up to 

 about 8 feet in diameter; a great number being of this larger 

 size. Occasionally blocks were observed up to 10 or even 12 feet 

 in diameter. 



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