34 GEOLOGICAL NOTES ON KOSCIUSKO, 



It was only on the east side of the moraine that fragments of 

 phyllite and quartzite were found. This is accounted for by the 

 fact that these sedimentary rocks form the bed rock only on the 

 eastern side of the valley, as shown by the geological sketch map 

 (Plate iii.)- The general strike of these sedimentary rocks is about 

 S. 8° E., and is, therefore, nearly parallel with the trend of the 

 valley. 



It is probable that these quartzites are identical with those 

 upon which is situated the striated rock surface near Townsend's 

 Pass, about two miles distant, in a N. by E. direction, and to be 

 described later. 



At a total of about 22 chains below the south end of Lake 

 May is a second terminal moraine obviously older than the 

 preceding. Like the latter it is crescent-shaped, being thickest at 

 the middle and slightly looped down the valley (Plate v., fig. 1). 



It is about 18 chains in length as terminal moraine proper, and 

 is extended further, in a N.E. direction, as lateral moraine. 



The level of the creek where it has cut through this lower 

 terminal moraine, at the lower side of the embankment, is 95 feet 

 below the top of the embankment immediately to the west, and is 

 180 feet below the level of the western end of this moraine, 

 which is its highest point. As there can be little doubt that the 

 height of the central part of this moraine has been lowered a good 

 deal by denudation, it may fairly be assumed that at its centre it 

 was formerly, perhaps, at least from 20 to 30 feet higher than at 

 present, which would make its thickness from 100 feet up to 

 about 120 feet. If, however, this moraine was originally as high 

 at the centre as at the sides, its height at the centre would have 

 been originally 180 feet. 



As regards the development of the glacier ice in this valley it 

 is evident from the duplication of the terminal moraine embank- 

 ments and from the space which separates them, that there have 

 been two distinct epochs or phases there of glaciation, the older 

 glacier being about one quarter of a mile longer than the newer 

 and having a larger terminal moraine. 



