BY PROF. DAVID, RICHARD HELMS, AND E. F. PITTMAN. 37 



Kosciusko Observcatory, and is a mile and a half distant. It 

 forms a conspicuous feature in the landscape, bearing a striking- 

 resemblance to a railway embankment. Its trend is E.S.E. and 

 W.S.W., its upper end lying in the latter direction. It is nearly 

 a third of a mile in length, the exact measurement being ab(jut 

 32 chains. 



Beyond this limit, however, it has been considerably denuded, 

 and for a further distance of over one-quarter of a mile it is repre- 

 sented merely by irregular hummocks of more or less redistributed 

 moraine material. Its summit is flat, from 20 to 30 yards wide, 

 and has a slope to the E.S.E. of 1 in 4i for the first 100 yards, and 

 1 in 5 for the remainder of the distance. 



The moraine is composed chiefly of angular and subangular 

 blocks of granite and slate with a certain amount of interstitial 

 sandy material. 



The fragments of granite are usually from 3 inches to 1 foot 

 in diameter and are mostly subangular or rounded. Blocks up 

 to 2 feet in diameter are not infrequent. Three angular granite 

 erratics were observed by us in this moraine, respectively 

 measuring 61 ft. x 5 ft. x 41 ft, 12 ft. x 4 f t. x 3 ft., and 14 ft. x 

 8 ft. x 5^ ft. As a rule the granite boulders show neither grooves 

 nor striae, the coarsely crystalline character. of the rock and its 

 easy weathering being unfavourable to the forming or preserving 

 of such glacial markings. A block, however, now exhibited, of 

 fine-grained aplitic granite (which we dug in situ out of the 

 moraine) has distinct glacial grooves on its under surface. 



The fragments of slate (phyllite) in the moraine vary from 2 

 inches up to 6 inches and rarely 1 foot in diameter. They are 

 mostly subangular, and out of some hundreds of specimens 

 examined the majority exhibit irregular glacial cuts, grooves, and 

 coarse scratches. The material of this micaceous phyllite is 

 wholly unsuited to receive or retain fine striae. The upper 

 surfaces of the slate fragments in this moraine seldom, if ever, 

 exhibit either scratches or grooves, all traces of such having been 

 effaced through weathering. 



