BY PROF. DAVID, RICHARD HELMS, AND E. F. PITTMAN. 63 



descended 500 to 800 feet lower on the eastern fall of the main 

 divide than on the western. There were probably three reasons 

 for this, as already pointed out by one of us (Mr. Helms). (1) The 

 Kosciusko Plateau being constantly exposed to the strong sweep 

 of the W.N.W. anti-trade wind, the chief snow drifts and snow- 

 fields gather to leeward of the main dividing ridge, ?;.e., on its E.8.E. 

 side, the general trend of the ridge being nearly meridional. 

 (2) The western slopes of the main divide are more heated by the 

 sun's rays than are the eastern, so that snow melts oS them 

 quicker than off the eastern slopes. (3) The eastern slopes furnish 

 a more favourable lodging for snow than the western, the eastern 

 slopes being the more gradual of the two. 



(6) The evidence proves that, apart from the consideration of 

 possible much older and much more extensive glaciation, there 

 have been at least two epochs of glaciation at Kosciusko, of 

 which the traces are clear and fresh, viz. (i) an older epoch which 

 may be termed the Hedley Tarn Epoch; and (ii) a new epoch 

 which may be termed the Lake Merewether Epoch. The double 

 series of terminal moraines on either side of the Main Dividing 

 Range obviously points to this conclusion. The height of these 

 moraine embankments, from 80 up to over 200 feet, and their 

 length, between J and h mile, prove that the pauses of the ice 

 front at the spots where the moraines became developed must 

 have been of considerable duration. 



(c) As regards thickness, the evidence shows that the glacier 

 ice must have been about 200 feet and 500 feet thick in the Lake 

 May and Lake Albina valleys on the western fall towards the 

 Murray, while on the eastern fall towards the Snowy it was at 

 least 300 feet thick near the head of the Snowy River, and at 

 least 400 feet thick in Evidence Valley. 



{d) The longest glacier, that of the"" Snowy, was perhaps about 

 3 miles in length. 



(e) As regards the age of the glaciation, it can be estimated at 

 Kosciusko, as far as we could see, only by the amount of sub- 

 sequent erosion. Such estimates can, of course, be only ver}^ 

 approximate. 



