BY PROF. DAVID, RICHARD HELMS, AND E. F. PITTMAN. 67 



(3) If the glaciation of the Southern Hemisphere was synchro- 

 nous with that of the Northern, and was accompanied by an 

 appreciable increase in size of the Antarctic ice-sheet, to what 

 extent was sea level lowered in various latitudes through the 

 withdrawal of so much sea water to form the ice-sheets in each 

 hemisphere ? 



In submitting to this Society the above notes, we are sensible 

 that the information contributed is indeed small in proportion 

 to the wideness and grandeur of the subject. 



A vast unknown remains behind full of promise for future 

 investigators. Our observations have, however, we think, finally 

 set at rest a vexed question, and have entirely confirmed the 

 view that the " Roof of Australia," at no very distant date, 

 certainly supported glaciers, and, perhaps, at some earlier date 

 may have even been buried under a " mer de glace." 



We desire to express our special obligation to Mr. W. S. Dun 

 for much valuable information as to current literature relating to 

 the glaciation of the Southern Hemisphere in late Cainozoic time. 

 We are also much indebted to Mr. F. B. Guthrie, F.C.S., who 

 accompanied us to Kosciusko, for his constant help and kindly 

 criticism. We also gratefully acknowledge the courteous hospi- 

 tality of Messrs. P. S. Whelan and P. A. Harding, the officers in 

 charge at Mr. Clement Wragge's Meteorological Observatory at 

 Kosciusko, and the kind help of Mr. G. W. Card, Assoc. R.S.M., 

 F.G.S., in the determination of the rock specimens from 

 Kosciusko, as well as to Professor J. W. Gregory, of Melbourne, 

 for his note on Dr. Arrhenius' theory. 



PosTCRiPT (added June 10th, 1901)— Since the above paper 

 was read. Professor J. W. Gregory, of Melbourne, has written to 

 one of us with reference to Dr. Arrfienius' theory as follows : — 



" Thinking again over the COo theory of glaciation, I am less 

 inclined to it for the following reasons : — 



"(1) Glaciations are not synchronous. There is no evidence 

 of glaciation in Europe or America at the time of the Palaeozoic 



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