BY R. J. TILLYAkD. 731 



G enotype, Permofnhjoi' behnontensis, n.sp 



H o li zo n : Upper Coal- Measures of Newcastle, JS.8.W. 



Although this fossil appears, at first sight, to belong to the 

 Fulyoindce, yet it differs from that family, as known to us at the 

 present day, in a numbei- of characters, chiefly amongst which 

 must be reckoned the absence of the typical Y-vein of the claval 

 area, which is peculiar to the Fulgoridce alone amongst the 

 Homoptera. Hence it is necessary to place it in a new family, 

 which probably had close afiinity with the ancestors of our recent 

 Fu/(/orid(fi, but clearly also does not lie in their direct ancestral 

 line. This family also foreshadowed, in the arrangement of the 

 oblique cross-veins in sets, the later development of the Cicadidce 

 which appear to have arisen in Cretaceous times. 



In spite of its occurrence at a higher level in the Permian 

 than the Newcastle fossil Permoscarta described above, this 

 insect is clearly of a far more archaic type than the latter. But 

 this need not surprise us, when we consider that the Fulyomhe 

 of to-day still contain numerous forms with a dense, archaic 

 almost Neuropteroid venation, which must have been handed 

 down with little change from very early ancestors. 



Pehmofulgor belmontensis, n.sp. (Text-fig.3j. 



Characters as given for the genus, with the following additions. 

 Total leiKjth of the winy-frayment, 9omm ; yreatest breadth, 3 mm.- 

 probable total leiiyth of tegnieii, 1 1 mm. The extreme base as 

 well as a considerable part of the apical area of the win*' is 

 missing. There appear to be at least five weak cross-veins con- 

 necting the main veins of the claval area, as shown in 'J"ext-fi^.3- 

 i)ut there may be more. Very careful manipulation of stron*-- 

 oblique light is necessary to follow the venation of the corium, 

 and it is possible that I have omitted some cross-veins in this 

 part of the wing also. 



The specimen lies on the smooth, pale grey surface of a cherty 

 rock, and would certainly have shown more detail if its actual 

 venation had heen strongly formed. This is proved by the fact, 

 that the veins of the clavus stand up clearly and sharply from 

 the smooth surface of the impression, whereas the veins of the 

 corium are scarcely to be detected in a cursory glance. 



