BY R. H. CAMBAGE. 383 



tion similar to that at Jervis Bay, another point at which C. 

 stricta has been found. 



Evidence of submergence is given by Etheridge, David and 

 Grimshaw* who state, amongst other matters, that at Shea's 

 Creek near Sydney " there is evidence of an alteration in the 

 level of the land and sea in recent geological time to the amount 

 of about fifteen feet, as the trees found in situ by us at a depth 

 of fifteen feet below high water all belong to genera which do not 

 flourish below the level of high tide." . . . "The date . . . 

 cannot therefore be moved back below the limits of the Post- 

 Tertiary time. . . . It is questionable whether it is likely 

 that the date can be carried back into Pleistocene time." 



E. C. Andrews, B. A., refers to this coastal subsidence as Post- 

 Tertiary,! and says : — " The movement is still youthful, as may 

 be seen by a study of the cliffs between Port Jackson and Botany 

 Bay, where the 250 feet walls end abruptly in 8 to 10 fathoms 

 of water, thus showing that the formation of forelands and 

 beaches in that locality is still distant in point of time." 



Attention is drawn to the evidence already quoted in regard 

 to marine Tertiary deposits, which goes to prove that the 

 original continental shelf must have stood above sea-level at least 

 till late Tertiary time; but this evidence does not show that the 

 submergence may not have been delayed even until the Pleisto- 

 cene period, although in Victoria the deposits are chiefly of 

 Eocene and Miocene age. Possibly therefore it may not be 

 necessary to prove such great antiquity for this Casuarina as 

 would at first sight appear. 



It may be noted that at each of the places mentioned, viz., 

 Newport, Otford, and Jervis Bay, this tree has been found only 

 within a short distance of the ocean, so that had the subsidence 



• "On the Occurrence of a Submerged Forest with Remains of the 

 Dugong at Shea's Creek, near Sydney." By R. Etheridge, Jr., Prof. David 

 and J. W. Grimshaw. Journ. and Proc. Roy. Soc. N. S. Wales. Vol.xxx. 

 pp.178, 179. 



t "Notes on the Geography of the Blue Mts. and Sydney District." 

 Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, 1903, pp.814, 815. 



