530 STUDIES ON AUSTRALIAN MOLLUSCA, IX., 



collected during the Expedition. Through him the specimens were 

 dispersed to various European conchologists. Spengler seems to 

 have been the tirst to publish an account of this species.* He 

 was shortly followed by Zorn f Neither of these authors 

 employed Linnean nomenclature, and their writings have there- 

 fore only an historical interest for systematists. 



From material provided by Humphries, our shell was next 

 superbly pictured by Thomas Martynj under the title of Clava 

 hercidea, a name long neglected, but whose right to use is indis- 

 putable. Martyn erroneously credited his shell to the Friendly 

 Islands. In the same year, the Catalogue of the Portland 

 Museum, drawn up by Dr. Solander, advertised the shell as 

 " the black Hercules Club from New South Wales." 



Under a polynomial name, Chemnitz§ refigured and described 

 the species, giving an account of the literature, which was already 

 considerable. Then Bruguiere,|| who had actually never seen 

 the shell, imposed upon it the name of Cernthium eheninum, and 

 compiled a description from the work of his predecessors. 



Montfort increased the synonomy by renaming it Pyrazus 

 baudini;^ his specimen was brought from Australia by Baudin's 

 Expedition. 



The fourth and last name was bestowed by Perrj', who called 

 a shell from " the East Indies " Cerithiumferruginosum.'^^'^ 



After this date the shell became well known to European 

 collectors under Bruguiere's name, which, supported by Lamarckft 

 and Gray, ; | circulated generally. An imperfect bibliography has 

 been lately issued by L. Vignal.§§ 



* Naturforscher, ix. 1776, p. 145 pi. v., f.3. 

 t Abhandl. danziger naturf. Gesellsch. i. 1778, p. 173. 



+ Universal Conchologist, i. 1784, p. 13. 



§ Conch. Cab. x. 1788, p.257, pi. clxii., f.l548, 1549. 



11 Ency. M6th. Vers (2), 1792, p.490. 



H Conch. Syst. ii. 1810, p. 459, pi. cxv. 



•* Conchology, 1811, pi. xxxvi., f.l 



tt Anim. s. vert. vii. 1822, p. 67. 



XX Append. Kmg's Survey, ii. 1827, p.483. 



§§ Journ. de Conch, liii. 1905, p. 33. 



