532 STUDIES ON AUSTRALIAN MOLLUSCA, IX., 



they are sold for food under the name of "whelks" in the Sydney 

 markets. 



Eighteenth centui^ writers record the species in error from 

 New Zealand and the Friendly Islands. On the stren^^th of "A 

 single dead specimen," it has been ascribed to Lord Howe Island."**" 

 Round Sydney, as Angas and Whitelegge remark, f it is very 

 abundant. I have traced it north to the edge of the tropics, 

 where in Port Curtis its range overlaps that of its relations, 

 Pyrazus semitrisulcatus Bolten, P. Jluvidtilis Potiez & Michaud, 

 and Telescopium telescopium Linn. Here the shell is reduced in 

 size as if struggling against adverse conditions. In the south I 

 have taken it in Twofold Bay. Pritchard and Gatliff note it from 

 MpJacoota Inlet, Victoria;! and Tate & May from Frederick 

 Henry Bay, Tasmania. § It has been vaguely reported from 

 South Australia by Adcock.]] 



The species is strictly estuarine, and is commonly associated 

 with Area lischkei. It crawls among the roots of the Avicennia 

 mangrove and on Zostera flats between tide marks. A young 

 oyster is often mounted on the back of the whelk shell. ^ 



Mr. F. E. Grant has kindl}^ prepared for me the accompanying 

 view of the radula. He notes that "a shell 86mm. in length 



produced a radula 6 mm, long of 94 + ? rows, and 0*95 mm. broad 

 when the uncini are folded over the laterals. Radula of normal 

 T^nioglossa form 2, 1, 1, 1, 2. Rachidian with large median 

 cusp and two small laterals on either side. Lateral teeth with 



• Etheridge, Mem. Austr. Mus. ii. 1889, p. 23. 

 t Angas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1867, p. 208; Whitelegge, Journ. Roy. Soc. N. .•^. 

 Wales, xxiii. 1889, p.266. 



X Proc. Roy. Soc. Vict. n.s. xiii. 1900, p. 156. 



§ These Proceedings, xxvi. 1901, p,.387. 



II Hand List Aquatic Mollusca South Australia, 1893, p. 7. 



^ Saville Kent, Great Barrier Reef, 1 893, pi. xiv. f .9. 



