SOUTU AFEICAN BAGWORMS. 189 



abd. 9 this vo^\' is represented by four short conical spines, 

 while the 10th segment bears a cremaster, consisting of two 

 small hooks, dii'ected ventro-caudally, placed on a rather 

 broad, oval base (text-fig. 13, p, g). 



The Imago. 



Emergence. — The males emerge usually about midday, or 

 some time during the afternoon. The pupa works down 

 through the neck of the bag until it projects free for over 

 half its length. Being slightly curved ventrally, the head of 

 the pupa extends horizontally to a considerable extent, and 

 the moth, upon breaking the pupa-case, is able to reach 

 one of the long twigs, which it grasps with its legs and pulls 

 the remainder of its body out of the case. It then remains 

 quiet on the twig to allow its wings to expand and dry. The 

 entire process of emergence from the moment the pupa-case 

 splits until the moth is ready to fly takes about fifteen to 

 twenty minutes, and immediately after this it flies forth in 

 search of a female. 



The vermiform female does not emerge in the true sense ; 

 only the top of the chrysalis is pushed ofi^. The first indica- 

 tion of the female being ready to receive the male is the 

 appearance of a quantity of the brownish fluffy silk protruding 

 from the neck of the bag", having been pushed out by the 

 descending female. If the male be tardy in making its 

 appearance the female protrudes its head, then its thorax, 

 progressing further and further until it loses all purchase 

 and drops out of the bag and dies on the ground. 



Female. — Length 20 mm., width 6 mm., vermiform; body- 

 wall membranous with the exception of the head and dorsal 

 part of the three thoracic and first two abdominal segments 

 (text-fig. 13, i). 



General colour light pinkish cinnamon (XXIX), chitinised 

 parts of head, etc., ochraceous orange (XV), ventral aspect of 

 thorax and two first abdominal segments deep vinaceous grey 

 (L), hairs around 7th abdominal segment cinnamon bufit 

 (XXIX) tipped with sayal brown (XXIX). 



