446 J. W. BEAVS. 



Grewia occidentalis (210), Combretum bracteosum 

 (77), Pavetta obovata (313), Mitrostigma axillare, 

 Rhus natalensis with Dracaena hookeriaiia, Hfemaii- 

 thus albomaculatus, Disperis woodii, Acidanthera 

 brevicollis, Gloriosa virescens, Harveya squamosa, and 

 the fern Polyp odium phy mat odes as herbaceous under- 

 growth. 



(d) Approaching the climax in many places Strelitzia 

 august a is dominant, forming consocies (PI. XXIII, fig. 2). 



(e) At many other places there is a 8trelitzia-Osteo- 

 spermum consocies — Strelitzia augusta with Osteo- 

 s p e r m u m m o n i 1 i f e r u m . 



(f) In some of the more open glades, the palm, Phoenix 

 reel in at a, is fairly common, usually associated Avith 

 Strychnos spinosa. 



(§■) Typical sand-dune climux bush has the following- 

 composition, the species being named roughly in the order 

 of their abundance : Mimusopscaffra, Euclea natalensis, 

 Schmidelia erosa, Euclea undulata, Brachylasna 

 discolor, Do vy alls celastroides, Sap Indus oblongi- 

 f o 1 i u s , X a n t h o X y 1 o n c a p e n s e , T a r c h o n a n t h u s c a m - 

 phoratus, Elseodendron velutinum, Apodytes dimi- 

 diata, Brachyltena elliptica, Grewia caffra, Olea 

 capensis, 0. woodiana, Cordia caffra, Sideroxylon 

 inerme, Dovyalis zizyphoides, Tricalysia lanceo- 

 lata, Erythrina caffra, Grewia occidentalis, Ptero- 

 celastrus sp., Ekebergia meyeri, E. capensis, 

 Psychotria capensis. 



Lianes are very numerous, practically all the coast scrub 

 species being found. The result is a tangled impenetrable 

 growth Avhich throws a very dense shade. There is very 

 little herbaceous undergrowth in climax sand-dune bush. 

 The trees are very deep rooted and blow-outs are infrequent 

 except on the side next the sea, where the climax type does 

 not occur. The main dunes have been fixed for a long period 

 of time. 



