774 THE TIN-DEPOSITS OF NEW ENGLAND, N.S.W., I., 



About half a mile further east, and on the eastern side of a 

 small gully flowing into the Macintyre, two arsenical lodes occur. 

 These consist of mispickel, finely impregnated through a siliceous 

 base. The cassiterite-content is small. 



Several similar reefs occur at Stannifer, and mispickel is also 

 present at the Leviathan Mine. I do not know of any such 

 occurrence in the " Tingha Granite." 



Class ix. — Pipe-Deposits. 



These deposits are of a most interesting and unique type. Only 

 a few occur in the area under consideration. The general 

 features of these deposits are more or less circular or oval cross- 

 sections, and great irregularity in amount and direction of dip. 

 They are generally of small size, varying from 2 to 6 feet in 

 diameter. Unfortunately, at the time of my visit, none of these 

 pipes were being worked, and water had accumulated in the ex- 

 cavations of previous workings. Hence it was possible to 

 examine only the sides of the pipes, and some of the material 

 lying on the surface of the ground from the central portion. 



Though the pipes have been abandoned when the cassiterite- 

 values became too small, there is no evidence to show that the 

 structures are not continuous in depth; on the contrary, the 

 pipes, where abandoned, show every sign of permanence. 



Smith's Pipe is situated in the Tingha Granite, a few hundred 

 yards from its contact with the " Acid Granite." It is about 

 three feet in diameter, and was followed down as a cylindrical 

 deposit. The first eight feet from the surface was nearly vertical, 

 after which it dipped steeply to the north, and continued in this 

 direction to a depth of about 90 feet, at which depth it was 

 abandoned. It is not safe to descend, so that all that can be 

 seen now is, that the pipe occurs in solid Tingha Granite, 

 apparently unconnected with any reef at the surface. Conditions 

 are not favourable for observing whether any strongly marked 

 joint-planes intersect the deposit. The central core of the pipe 

 was composed of a highly felspathic material, and contained 

 abundant cassiterite. The present walls of the pipe are soft and 



