1883. J NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 43 



the original cleavage or weathering planes parallel to certain sides 

 of the fragment, which clearl}- indicated their mode of formation. 

 Similar fragments occur in almost every portion of the country, 

 their shape var3'ing with the material of which tlie}^ are formed. 

 Professor Haynes himself states in the paper referred to, 

 " Wherever it has been in ni}^ power to make the long and labor- 

 ious search that is required, I have succeeded in finding them," 

 etc. It is readil}' understood how a skilled archa-ologist, accus- 

 tomed to find a use for every rude imi)lement, would naturally 

 find design also in the close imitations made by Nature. 



Among these objects of natural origin there were also a very 

 few whicli boix' traces of human handiwork, some of these beino- 

 apparently " skin-scrapers." These latteroften occur witlj the most 

 highly finished Indian arrow-heads, and ofter, therefore, no evi- 

 dence of high antiquity. The cases where the same Indian tribe 

 has manufactured implements of the finest Avorkmanship at the 

 same time with those of rudest make, each being intended for 

 diflferent uses, are so numerous as to need onlj- to be mentioned. ^ 



Returning finally to the supposed implement from the Phila- 

 delphia gravel, now brouglit before the attention of the Academy, 

 Professor Lewis stated that he did not desire to urge any one 

 interpretation of it, but merely to offer some particulars which 

 might not otherwise see the light, and to show their meaning if 

 verified hereafter. Whatever value might be attached to the cir- 

 cumstances of the discovery of this specimen or to its apparent 

 artificial origin, it would at least serve to stimulate a further 

 search for evidences of man in the gravels underlying the city. 



An implement found in a thickly populated district, more 

 especially as it occurred in a shifting water gravel, would always 

 be open to suspicion, and at all events a single specimen is not 

 sufficient upon which to base the broad conclusions which Avould 

 otherwise be warranted. 



Note on a Drilled 3Iall in the Haldeman Collection of 

 Antiquities. — Mr. H. T. Cresson called attention to a large drilled 

 mall or hammer-head of stone, from the Haldeman collection of 

 antiquities. It was found at Peach Bottom, Lancaster County, 

 Penns3'lvania, in 1866, and weighs eight and three-quarter pounds. 

 Most^pre-historic hammer-heads or stone malls, consist of oval 

 pebbles, small boulders of quartzite, granite, or other hard mate- 

 rials, which show modification by the hand of man, and have 

 generally undergone more or less of pecking and polishing to bring 

 them into a required shape. The mall exhibited did not possess 

 any groove, but had a drilled hole for the insertion of a haft, which 



' At a ixeetlng of the Academy held a week ago, Mr. Aubrey H. Smith 

 presented two Indian implements picked up by himself on the shores of 

 the Loyalsock Cieek, Lycoming Co., Pa., where they lay side by side. One 

 was a rudely chipped implement like those of the Trenton gravel, while 

 the other was a delicately formed arrow-point. 



