1884.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 271 



not see signs that it ever had had one. The figure is, indeed, 

 nothing else than one of these cuspidiform symbols on a gigantic 

 scale. It measures along the central elevation 210 feet, while the 

 lateral lines, called the "wings," branch off about 100 feet from 

 the limits of the central ridge. The point of the arrow is directed 

 precisely to the single gateway or opening of the enclosure. 

 , The inference which the presence of this gigantic delineation ot 

 an arrow-head seems to justify, is that this enclosure was once 

 dedicated to militar}- ceremonies of some kind. 



The inscribed rock on which my observations were made, is 

 located about six miles from Newark, close to the bank of the 

 Licking River. It is a moderately hard sandstone, much eroded 

 where fully exposed to the weather. The bluff is about thirty 

 feet high, and the summit overhangs the base to such an extent 

 that it furnishes a natural shelter. Many of the inscriptions have 

 thus been preserved with great freshness of outline. 



This rock shelter was also extensively used by generations 

 of primitive hunters. Excavations which I made, turned up 

 numerous examples of their work in pottery and stone, and the 

 fragments of the bones of animals used in their repasts. 



The only previous examination of this inscription, for archae- 

 ological purposes, which I have heard of, is one by Dr. Salisbury, 

 in 1859, the notes of which are in MS., in the library of the 

 American Antiquarian Society. A brief memorandum by him, 

 on the subject, was also published in the Report of the Ohio 

 centennial managers in 18T6. 



