The Flora of Coimty Armagh. 35 



others were not ; but Armagh may certainly be divided into 

 several botanical regions, defined by physical or geological 

 conditions, and characterised by the presence or absence of 

 certain plants. (See Map, Plate 2.) 



1. lyOUGH Nkagh and Rivers.— Includes shores of Lough 

 Neagh, and the banks of the Bann, Newry canal, Blackwater, 

 and Ulster canal. Ciaita, Qinanthe fishdosa, Buloimis, and 

 Sagittaria are abundant throughout these waters, all of which 

 are in direct connection with Lough Neagh, and with the 

 exception of a single station for Cicuta, none of the species 

 mentioned are found in any other lakes or rivers in the 

 county. A group of much rarer plants occurs at and about 

 Lough Neagh only — Ra7i2C7icuhcs cinci7iatus, Typha ajigustifolia, 

 Potamogeton filiformis, Calamagrostis hookeri. 



2. Northern Bogs. — Embraces the extensive bogs that 

 cover the district, chiefly Pliocene, lying south of Lough 

 Neagh, from Maghery to Ardmore Point. Confined to this 

 district, and occurring in some abundance therein, are Drosera 

 afiglica, D. intermedia, Vaccinium oxycoccos, Rhynchospora alba, 

 Osviu7ida regalis. These bogs have an elevation of fifty to 

 a hundred feet; among their rarer plants are A7idro7}icda 

 polifolia, Vacci7iiu77i vitis-id^a, Spira7ithes ro7na7i20via7ia, Lis- 

 teju cordata. Ulex gallii is conspicuously absent. 



3. Limestone Region.— Includes the area of Carboniferous 

 Limestone that stretches from Richhill and Castlerow westward 

 through the city of Armagh to Benburb and Middletown, and 

 also the patch of New Red Sandstone which adjoins to the 

 northward, and which yields a similar flora. Surface low and 

 undulating. Carduus aca7ithoides, Vero7iica a7iagallis, LamiuDi 

 albimi, Orchis pyra77iidalis, /uncus glaucus, Briza i7iedia, are 

 characteristic of this district, most of them being abundant 

 here, and all very rare in, or absent from the rest of the county. 



4. 'sii^URiAN Region.— The lower Silurian grits extend over 

 the whole of the central portion of the county. Surface well 

 tilled, undulating, and hillocky, rising to 1,200 feet near 

 Newtownhamilton (the Fews mountains), cultivation being car- 

 ried nearly to the summit. Its flora is uninteresting generally, 

 but it was in this region that Carex rhy7ichophysa was obtained. 

 Lcpidium siJiithii, unknown further north, is common on this 

 area. Li7iaria vulgaris becomes much more frequent ; Ul^ 

 gallii haunts the neighbourhood of the higher grounds; Ve- 

 ro7iica a7iagallis and poppies are conspicuously absent. 



