1)0 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [18y'J. 



IV. Rosa eugosa in connection with the evolution 



OF FORM. 



A few years ago I crossed a flower of Rom rugosa with pollen 

 from the well-known hybrid perpetual, General Jacqueminot. It 

 may be noted here that in this locality the rose anthers mature 

 almost simultaneously with the expansion of the petals. To be 

 certain that a flower will have no aid from its own pollen, my prac- 

 tice is to open the petals carefully the day before they would expand 

 naturally, remove the stamens with the unopened anthers, and then 

 at once apply the foreign pollen. Though I believe pollen will 

 remain potent at the apex of a stigma for an indefinite time, so as 

 to be ready to perform its function the moment the stigma becomes 

 receptive, I apply moi-e pollen after the petals open normally. 

 With these precautions I feel safe in my experiments against the 

 interference of undesirable pollen. These precautions were taken 

 in this experiment with Rosa rugosa. 



In the autumn the seeds were cleaned from the capsule and sown 

 in the open ground. 



The following summer two plants only had made their appear- 

 ance, and attracted attention at once from the fact that one of them 

 had the appearance in foliage and habit of General Jacqueminot, 

 and the other somewhat after the manner of Rosa rugosa, the 

 female parent. The first year of seedling roses results in compar- 

 atively feeble growth. The stronger growth of the second year 

 was eagerly looked forward to. When that time arrived the one 

 resembling the male parent was stricken with a fungous parasite, 

 and so severely that, in spite of our .efforts with copper solutions, 

 the branches were no stronger than they were the year before. 

 The vital power was so much reduced that it was totally destroyed 

 by the subsequent winter. In spite of its weakened condition, it 

 retained to the last its striking resemblance to the hybrid perpetuals 

 of which General Jacqueminot is a type. The other flowered, and 

 to my great surprise was not Rosa rugosa, but a perfectly typical 

 specimen of Rosa cinnamomea ! It is still flowering at this date, 

 June, 1897, and is simply the cinnamon rose. 



To carry this curious experiment further, I had a small quantity 

 of seed of Rosa cinnamomea and Rosa rugosa sown near to each 

 other where comparisons could be made as they grew. There were 

 something less than a hundred plants in each lot. Both sets were 



