1899.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 509 



for the year as compared with fifty-six feet, the average of the 

 past eight years; and an average daily recession of but two and 

 three-tenths inches as compared with eight and one-tenth inches 

 in the same month of the previous year. On the right side, where 

 the ice has a much steeper slope, practically no change from the 

 position noted last year could be observed. 



A few local changes in the ice and moraines have occurred. 

 The great moraine on the left being supported on the ice foot is 

 constantly slipping down upon the glacier below. The right 

 moraine is much more stable, and no material change can be noted 

 in it. On the extreme left of the glacier local shrinkage and reces- 

 sion have taken place, uncovering a mass of bed rock, over which 

 the principal stream issuing from the glacier tumbles in a cascade. 

 This fall has existed for a long time, and it is probable that 

 before another year it may be covered again by the glacier. The 

 cascade will form an easily identified point for the limit of the 

 ice in 1899. 



After a careful examination of the test pictures of 1898 and 

 1899, taken from identical positions, it appears that the depth of 

 the ice in the upper regions of the glacier just below the nev6 is 

 increasing. This fact was also noted by a number of persons W'ho 

 have been in the region for some time. 



3. Photographic record from test rock "W." 

 The taking of the test picture from the rock " W," from which 

 point the others had been taken, was accomplished on the 19th day 

 of August, 1899 — the same day of the year as the 1898 picture. 



4. Survey of tongue and mapping moraines and streams. 

 The accompanying map, Plate XX, the basis of which was a 

 trigonometric and photographic survey, may in future years prove 

 of interest in tracing the changes of the glacier and locating the mo- 

 raines and marked rocks. The first records of the position of the 

 glacier are in 1887, when it followed closely the narrow moraine in 

 which rocks " E," " K" and " A " are located. One year later, 

 on the visit of Rev. William S. Green, a marked shrinkage and 

 recession had taken place, as shown by his photographs, and the 

 position of his tarred rocks, still plainly visible (marked "T" 

 "T" on map).® It is probable that each year since 1887 has 

 ^ Among the Selkirk Glaciers, p. 219. 



