HIGHER CRUSTACEA OF THE FIRTH OF CLYDE. 319 



Portunus tuberculafus, Eupaguims excavatus,* Sahinea 

 septemcarinata, and Lophogaster typiciis. The deep- 

 water area may be said to extend from a depth of 

 forty to that of a hundred fathoms, the bottom 

 everywhere consisting of soft mud. Roughly speak- 

 ing, these conditions are met with in Loch Long 

 opposite the mouth of Loch Goil, and in the centre of 

 the channel, from a point between C umbrae and Bute 

 down to the mouth of the Firth ; also in Kilbrannan 

 Sound and Loch Fyne. The forty-fathom limit is 

 also just reached in several other localities as Loch 

 Striven, between Dunoon and the Cloch Light, off 

 Wemyss Bay, &c. It was in that which we have 

 termed the deep-water area that our most interesting 

 captures were made, and in which the majority of 

 future additions to the Clyde fauna may be looked 

 for. The deepest water occurs in a spot of limited 

 extent off Skate Island, near the mouth of Loch Fyne. 

 Here, after careful sounding on two occasions, the 

 bottom was only reached with a line one hundred 

 and five fathoms in length. In this locality occurred 

 a number of very interesting invertebrates,t and two 

 crustaceans are worthy of special mention, viz.: 

 Pasiphaea sivaclo (new to Scotch waters), and Crangon 

 echinulatus, a Norwegian species only previously met 

 with in Britain off the Slietland Islands and in the 

 Minch. The characteristic species met with in deep 

 ^water are, Crangon Albnajii, Hippolyte securifrons, 

 Caridion Gordoni, Pandalus annulicornis, and Nycti- 

 phanes norvegica ; while Calocaris Macandreae, Nika 

 edidis, &c., though confined to this area, occur less 

 frequently. 



* This species is the Pagurus trlcarlnatus of Norman. It is 

 well figured and described by Prof. G. O. Sars, in his recently- 

 published report on the Crustacea of the Norwegian Arctic 

 Expedition. 



t The molluscan fauna of this locality is especially rich, the 

 following species occurring among others : Lima elliptica, Nucula 

 sulcata, Neaera cuspldata, N. costellata, N. abbreviata, Axinus 

 ferruglnosus, Rissoa abyssicola, and Idalia Lcachli. We cap- 

 tured upwards of two hundred living specimens of Pecten 

 septemradiatus in a single haul. 



