ILLUSTRATIONS 



were designed for Lord Howard of Effingham. 

 This chart shows the position of the fleets on 

 the morning of 21st July, 1588. The dotted 

 line to the south from Plymouth shows the course 

 taken by the English main fleet across the front 

 of the Spaniards until they had weathered the 

 Armada, while the dotted line zig-zagged along 

 the English coast shows the beat to windward by 

 a small squadron of eight English ships, which 

 joined the main fleet in the first attack on the 

 Armada. 



Sir Horatio Pallavicini, . . . . .216 



Son of an Italian merchant. He was recommended to 

 Queen Mary, and appointed Collector of Papal 

 Taxes. According to tradition he abjured Romanism 

 on Mary's death and appropriated the sums collected 

 for the Pope. He lent large sums of money to 

 Queen Elizabeth as well as to the Netherlands and 

 Henry of Navarre. As a gentleman-adventurer, he 

 fitted out a ship at his own cost, and commanded 

 her in the Channel against the Armada. He was 

 afterwards charged with the custody of Don Alonzo 

 de Luzon, and three other important Spanish 

 prisoners, until an exchange was arranged. He 

 died on 6th July, 1600, and at his death the 

 Queen owed him nearly ^f 29,000, equal to about 

 j^2 30,000 of our money. This was never fully 

 paid. The portrait is reproduced from John Pine's 

 (Armada) Tapestry Hangings of the House of Lords, 

 London, 1753. 



The Fleets at close Quarters, .... 220 



From Adams' Series of Views of the Armada in the 

 British Museum. The various types of vessels en- 

 gaged are well shown. 



