LICHENOLOGICAL MEMORABILIA. 59 



tubercular, of similar colour with the apothecia, and contained 

 Bterigmata (fig. 9, ].), and small spherical colourless sper- 

 matid (tig. 9, m.). A biatorine state sparingly occurred, repre- 

 sented in Leight. Exs. 277. In the cicatrices, where branches had 

 been broken away, the resin assumed a brownish, or greenish brown, 

 or even purplish hue, through discoloration from some unascer- 

 tained cause, and here the apothecia and spermogonia became black, 

 the former being much more concave, and even in some cases some- 

 what stipitate, the epithecium shining (fig. 9, c. & g.). A section 

 of the apothecium exhibited a nigrofuscous hypothecium, and a 

 dark epithecium (fig. 9, e.), and the spores (fig. 9, k.), were 

 slightly smaller than those of the normal state. There is, however, 

 no reason to imagine that these are distinct plants, but merely states 

 of one and the same lichen, transitional forms having been observed. 

 The dark form may be named forma cicatricicola, Leight. The 

 normal state is the Peziza resince of Fries, and the spermogonia 

 the Sphceria resince of the same writer. I subsequently found L. 

 resince in both its forms on the spruce firs in Glanartro, the 

 woody valley leading to Cwm Bychan near Barmouth. 



The Graphideae were very plentiful ; Graphis elegans, (Sm.), 

 G. scripta, Ach., in its forms diffusa, Leight.; varia, Leight., 

 Jlexuosa, Leight., and divaricata, Leight. ; and its varie- 

 ties serpentina, Ach., and pulverulenta, Ach. G. inusta, Ach., f. 

 simpliciuscula, Leight. G. sophistica, Nyl., in its forms radiata, 

 Leight., and divaricata, Leight., and its variety pulverulen ta, 

 (Sm.). Opegrapha atra, Pers., and its forms par allela, Leight., 

 denigrata, Ach., and arthonoidea, Leight. Opegrapha Tumeri, 

 Leight., Opegrapha vulgata, Ach., and Opegrapha saxicola, Ach., 

 f. gyrocarpa, (Zw.), very sparingly. Stigmatidium Hutchinsice, 

 Leight., clothed the shaded rocks in profuse perfection and beauty. 

 Arthonia lurida, Ach., and Arthonia vinosa, Leight., and its var. 

 pineti, Korb. (fig. 5), plentiful. The latter Arthonia may be 

 readily distinguished from its congeners by a section of the ardella 

 turning vinous or red-purple in hydrate of potash. Arthonia 

 astroidea, Ach., and var. opegraphina, Ach. (plate 4, fig. 7 a. 

 & b.), not unfrequent. It should be here observed that the variety 

 opegraphina, Ach., and also the var. epipastoides, Nyl. (plate 4, fig. 

 8, a. & b.), appear to be erroneously joined to A. astroidea, Ach. 

 (see Leight. Lich. Fl., p. 397), inasmuch as they possess spores 

 different from those of A. astroidea, and in all respects assimilating 

 those of Arthonia cinnabarina, Wallr., viz., obovato-clavate, 

 rounded at the extremities, 4-septate, the uppermost cell largest, 

 and occupying nearly half of the spore, and the other cells in the 

 lower half. (Plate 4, fig. 7 b, & 8 b.), of which they are no 

 doubt states or forms, and to this species they must in future be 

 referred. Arthonia epipasta, (Ach.) ; Arth. cinnabarina, Wallr., 

 var. anenjthrea, Nyl., f. detrita, T. & B. ; and the following, which 

 I believe are new to Britain : — 



