i8o THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



dent ill agriculture, but Profs. Brewer and Johnson, by their experi- 

 ments on fertilizers and kindred subjects, have returned the value of 

 their endowment to the nation a hundred-fold already. 



Take another item. The dairy products of New York in 1870 were 

 over .100,000,000 pounds of butter, and over 20,000,000 pounds of 

 cheese. Now, there has been quietly at work, in our Laboratory of 

 Agricultural Chemistry at Cornell University, a young professor, Mr. 

 George C. Caldwell. He has made little noise in the world. While 

 Dr. McCosh was striking the stars with his lofty head, and his voice 

 was shaking the Agricultural Colleges, this young man worked quietly 

 on upon the chemistry of the dairy. Said Mr. L. B. Arnold, an au- 

 thority you all recognize, "Prof. Caldwell's researches on the chemis- 

 try of the dairy are worth 'more to the State than your w^hole endow- 

 ment. ^ He has taught us to do such things in dairy matters and to 

 increase dairy products as we never dreamed of doing." And to this, 

 substantially, Mr. Arnold has lately sworn before the Commission of 

 Investigation. 



Take a few figures more from the same census. In 1870 the market- 

 garden and orchard products of the State of New York amounted in 

 value to close upon $12,000,000. 



Can any one, then, gainsay the wisdom of our employing, as we do, 

 a young naturalist of genius to devote his whole time to investigations 

 regarding insects injurious to vegetation, and to giving lectures based 

 upon these researches ? 



Take still other figures. The same census shows the value of farm 

 implements in the State of New York to be over $45,000,000. In view 

 of this we have investigations and lectures upon mechanics related to 

 agriculture, and have obtained models and implements at home and 

 abroad to illustrate this subject. Is not the mere pittance this requires 

 well laid out ? 



I remember some years since seeing a paragraph going the rounds 

 of the papers, stating that President White had sent from Europe to 

 Cornell University an Oxford professor and a horse-doctor. The 

 charge was true. The Oxford professor was Goldwin Smith; "the 

 horse-doctor" was Prof. James Law, formerly of the Royal Veterinary 

 College at London. Each one of these men, in his way, has been a 

 blessing to the University and to the country. But look at a few 

 more figures from the census. The number of horses in the State of 

 New York is over 800,000 ; the number of neat-cattle exceeds 2,000,000. 

 Prof. Law's lecture-room is one of the most attractive places I know, 

 for animal physiology is a study worthy of any man, but, even if he 

 never taught a student, in view of this vast interest is it not well 

 worth while to provide such a man to investigate such a subject ? 



Take another branch. We have been fitting up an establishment 

 for experiments in the best rotation of crops and in the feeding of 

 cattle. A careful and resident professor has been called to carry on 



