The Scottish Naturalist. 167 



result of personal observation, since I have investigated the fauna 



of these mountains from about 2500 feet upwards. 



The abbreviations used in the course of the article are as 



follows : — 



Stgr. Isl., observed by Dr. Staudinger in Iceland under any form. 



Stgr. Gr'dnl, given by Dr. Staudinger as appearing in Greenland 

 under any form. 



Stgr. and Wk. Lap., noticed by Dr. Staudinger and Dr. Wocke in 



Norwegian Lapland (Finmark), &c. 

 Wk. Norv. Alp., noticed by Dr. Wocke in the Dovrefield Moun- 

 tains. 



Mosch. Labr., given by Moschler as appearing in Labrador, &c. 



JSc/i. Ten., noticed by Schilde in North Finnland, &c. 



Frey Alp., given by Prof. Frey as appearing in the Swiss Alps, &c, 

 from about 4000 feet upwards. 



Std/s. Sit. Mont., given by Dr. Standfuss as appearing in the 

 Silesian Mountains from about 4000 feet upwards. 



H. Here. Mont., noticed by me in the Upper Harz Mountains, &c, 

 from about 2500 feet upwards. 



Spr. Verbr., Dr. Ad. and Aug. Speyer, " Geographical Range," &c. 



JStrg. and Wk. Cat., Staudinger and Wocke's Catalogue. 



By the addition of one of the previous localities, take for 



example Fen. or Lap., it is indicated that the species, or a form 



belonging to it, is recorded in the preceding works as appearing in 



Finnland or in Lapland. 



After this my paper gives a review of the appearance of the 



species : — 



1. In the Polar and Arctic region (in Staudinger's sense) — 

 Iceland, Greenland, Lapland, Labrador, Finnland; 



2. In the Alpine region of a northern mountain, Dovrefield ; 



3. In the higher tracts ot the mountains of the north and 

 middle of Germany, the Upper Harz and Silesian Mountains ; 



4. In the upper and lower Alpine region, and in the lower 

 snowy zone (in Frey's sense) — the Swiss Alps. 



Those species of which I have had a great number here for 

 comparison are marked with * ■ my remarks upon' these kinds 

 are also based on personal observations ; as regards the rest, I 

 follow communications made to me by letter by Mr. MacArthur, 

 and also the works of Messrs Jenner Weir, and Howard Vaughan. 



In those cases where the nomenclature used in England differs 



