i?o NATURAL SCIENCE. Sept., 



considers to be due to the intrusion of huge sills or laccolites of 

 muscovite-biotite gneiss. 



Attention was directed to the Underground Waste of the Land 

 in a former number of Natural Science (vol. ii., p. 124). The 

 subject has also attracted the notice of Professor Lebour. In an 

 article on certain surface features of the Glacial deposits of the 

 Tyne Valley, near Corbridge (Nat. Hist. Trans, of Northumberland, 

 etc., vol. xi., part 2, 1893), he states that a notable amount of sand 

 and very fine gravel is continually being discharged from under- 

 ground, by springs which issue at the junction of the Glacial sands 

 and gravels with the underlying Boulder Clay. He thinks that the 

 bowl-shaped depressions of the surface of the drift gravel and sand 

 of the Tyne Valley — depressions that have the characters of " kettle- 

 holes'" — may be due to subterranean erosion. Similarly, features 

 resembling the arched structure of Karnes or Eskers may be caused 

 by slipping, due to the eroding action of water below ground. 



Another new British monthly devoted to the science of geology 

 has appeared ! We have before us The Glacialists' Magazine, vol. i., 

 no. 1, August, 1893. Price 6d. It is edited by Percy F. Kendall, 

 assisted by Warren Upham, C. E. De Ranee, and J. Loraas, and 

 its pages are crowded with misprints. Mr. De Ranee, who is President 

 of the Glacialists' Association, communicates his address, which was 

 delivered last year, and discusses the geology of the northern Polar 

 regions, concluding that no evidence of former Glacial periods is to be 

 found among the strata. He is, however, scarcely just to the 

 naturalists who accompanied Sir George Nares, when he says 

 it fell to his lot to work up the geological results obtained. The 

 observations were made by Colonel Feilden and others (very 

 competent geologists), while the fossils were identified by Mr. 

 Etheridge. An intrusive mass of Boulder Clay at Bidston, Cheshire, is 

 described by Mr. A. R. Dwerryhouse ; and there is a review of Sir 

 Henry Howorth's "Glacial Nightmare" by the Editor. There are 

 also short notes on various subjects, and an account of " Current 

 Glacial Bibliography." The Bibliography, if rendered complete, will 

 no doubt form a valuable record, but otherwise we are inclined to 

 question the advantage of issuing a separate journal on the subject of 

 Glacial Geology. Moreover, we fear that a modest monthly of 29 

 pages will hardly suffice for the verbosity peculiar to most writers on 

 Glacial Geology. 



Still another American journal relating to geology — the Bulletin 

 of the Department of Geology, University of California — has made its 

 appearance. As far as we can judge by the first part, which is all 

 that has reached us, it would, perhaps, be more correctly entitled 

 "Memoirs" than " Bulletin, " for it consists of one paper of 59 



