3 o8 NATURAL SCIENCE. Oct., 



Bey, he did entirely alone and unassisted. He received the title of 

 Bey in 1879, and by the end of 1882 he was able to report that not 

 only was his province at peace and contented, but that he had 

 entirely banished the slave-traders from his borders. He was also 

 able to show a profit of ^8,000 in that year, whereas when he took up 

 the work there was a deficit of ^32,000 per annum. 



The reader is referred to Felkin's life of Emin, which forms the 

 Introduction to " Emin Pasha in Central Africa," London, 1888, from 

 which much of our information is taken. 



EDWARD CHARLESWORTH. 



A REMARKABLE man in many respects was Mr. Charlesworth, 

 whose death, at an advanced age, took place recently at Saffron 

 Walden. Educated at Guy's Hospital, he gained a good general 

 knowledge of Comparative Anatomy, and while still a student, he 

 came prominently into notice by the publication in 1835 of a masterly 

 paper on the "Crags of East Anglia." He then pointed out that the 

 Crag of Suffolk was divisible into two portions, termed respectively 

 the Coralline and the Red Crags. Those divisions were accepted by 

 Lyell, and their names have become permanently established. Later 

 on he pointed out that in Norfolk a newer division occurred, and this 

 he named the Mammaliferous Crag, now generally known as the 

 Norwich Crag. 



In 1836, Charlesworth was temporarily employed in the British 

 Museum, but, having busied himself with the invention of an 

 " elevator gun," he soon retired to join an expedition to Mexico. 



In 1837, he succeeded Loudon as Editor of the Magazine of N 'atural 

 History. He commenced a new series and edited four volumes, 

 terminating his connection in 1840, when the Magazine was united 

 with the Annals of Natural History, that had been started two years 

 previously. 



About the year 1843, Charlesworth planned the publication of the 

 London Geological Journal, but the first number did not appear until 

 September, 1846, owing chiefly to the fact that in 1844 he was 

 appointed Curator of the York Museum. The Journal was profusely 

 illustrated with plates, and it contained valuable contributions from 

 the leading palaeontologists of the day. Charlesworth himself gave 

 an account of the occurrence of flint in the pulp-cavity of a tooth of 

 Mosasaurus. Three numbers only of this Journal were published, the 

 last being issued in May, 1847. 



In 1858, Charlesworth gave up his Curatorship at York, w r here he 

 was succeeded by the late W. S. Dallas, and eventually settled for a 

 time in London. From this date, he appears to have made a somewhat 

 precarious livelihood, chiefly by the sale of specimens. He formed 

 the " British Natural History Society," which consisted only of 

 himself, and undertook the disposal more especially of the Tertiary 



